期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
卷 38, 期 10, 页码 3865-3880出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.01.063
关键词
High temperature electrolysis; Nuclear power; Wind power; Reforming; Environmental impacts; LCA
资金
- European Commission [213009]
Water electrolysis is a well-established process for hydrogen production but requires efficiency improvements to reduce costs. High temperature electrolysis (HTE) as a means to higher efficiency was advanced in the EU project RelHY. Through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), also the environmental performance of five HTE-based hydrogen production systems was evaluated: operation with power and steam from a nuclear plant, continuous and intermittent operation with wind power and water, intermittent operation with natural gas or biogas reforming as back-up. Large scale natural gas reforming (NGR) was used as a reference. The LCA aims to identifying environmental hotspots of HTE plants and comparing their operation. The results show that stack manufacturing has the strongest impact during construction of the HTE plant while the impacts during H-2 production are largely due to power supply. All HTE variants studied lead to less life cycle CO2-equivalent emissions than NGR. However, only the wind powered HTE variants without back-up use less energy than NGR. The other impacts and flows show different patterns. The results and limitations of the study are discussed. Copyright (C) 2013, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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