期刊
MICROGRAVITY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
卷 27, 期 6, 页码 455-464出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12217-015-9443-z
关键词
Simulated microgravity; Clinostat; Diamagnetic levitation; Spaceflight osteopenia; Bone cells; Bone remodeling
资金
- National Basic Research Program of China [2011CB710903]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51477141, 81472090, 31100667]
- Specialized Research Fund for Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20126102110055]
- Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China [3102014KYJD020, 3102014ZD0045]
Severe loss of bone occurs due to long-duration spaceflight. Mechanical loading stimulates bone formation, while bone degradation happens under mechanical unloading. Bone remodeling is a dynamic process in which bone formation and bone resorption are tightly coupled. Increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation caused by reduced mechanical loading, generally result in disrupted bone remodeling. Bone remodeling is orchestrated by multiple bone cells including osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast and mesenchymal stem cell. It is yet not clear that how these bone cells sense altered gravity, translate physical stimulus into biochemical signals, and then regulate themselves structurally and functionally. In this paper, studies elucidating the bioeffects of microgravity on bone cells (osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast, mesenchymal stem cell) using various platforms including spaceflight and ground-based simulated microgravity were summarized. Promising gravity-sensitive signaling pathways and protein molecules were proposed.
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