Modelling pH evolution and lactic acid production in the growth medium of a lactic acid bacterium: Application to set a biological TTI

Time temperature integrators or indicators (TTIs) are effective tools making the continuous monitoring of the time temperature history of chilled products possible throughout the cold chain. Their correct setting is of critical importance to ensure food quality. The objective of this study was to develop a model to facilitate accurate settings of the CRYOLO(R) biological TTI, TRACEO(R). Experimental designs were used to investigate and model the effects of the temperature, the TTI inoculum size, pH, and water activity on its response time. The modelling process went through several steps addressing growth, acidification and inhibition phenomena in dynamic conditions. The model showed satisfactory results and validations in industrial conditions gave clear evidence that such a model is a valuable tool, not only to predict accurate response times of TRACEO(R), but also to propose precise settings to manufacture the appropriate TTI to trace a particular food according to a given time temperature scenario. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.