期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
卷 38, 期 3, 页码 680-689出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyn163
关键词
Smoking; maternal exposure; pregnancy; infant behaviour; confounding factors
资金
- Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam in close collaboration with the Faculty of Social Sciences of the Erasmus University Rotterdam
- Municipal Health Service Rotterdam area, the Rotterdam Homecare Foundation and the Stichting Trombosedienst & Artsenlaboratorium Rijnmond (STAR)
- Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) 'Geestkracht' programme [10.000.1003]
Background Several studies showed that maternal smoking in pregnancy is related to behavioural and emotional disorders in the offspring. It is unclear whether this is a causal association, or can be explained by other smoking-related vulnerability factors for child behavioural problems. Methods Within a population-based birth cohort, both mothers and fathers reported on their smoking habits at several time-points during pregnancy. Behavioural problems were measured with the Child Behavior Checklist in 4680 children at the age of 18 months. Results With adjustment for age and gender only, children of mothers who continued smoking during pregnancy had higher risk of Total Problems [odds ratio (OR) 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21-2.08] and Externalizing problems (OR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.15-1.84), compared with children of mothers who never smoked. Smoking by father when mother did not smoke, was also related to a higher risk of behavioural problems. The statistical association of parental smoking with behavioural problems was strongly confounded by parental characteristics, chiefly socioeconomic status and parental psychopathology; adjustment for these factors accounted entirely for the effect of both maternal and paternal smoking on child behavioural problems. Conclusions Maternal smoking during pregnancy, as well as paternal smoking, occurs in the context of other factors that place the child at increased developmental risk, but may not be causally related to the child's behaviour. It is essential to include sufficient information on parental psychiatric symptoms in studies exploring the association between pre-natal cigarette smoke exposure and behavioural disorders.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据