Red blood cell and platelet microparticles in myocardial infarction patients treated with primary angioplasty

Background: Red blood cell and platelet microparticles (RBCm and PLTm, respectively) have drawn research attention as to their potential prothrombotic and vasoconstrictive effects in experimental settings. However, the relevance of circulating microparticles in clinical settings is largely undetermined. Methods: Circulating microparticles were quantified with a flow cytometric method in blood samples from consecutive STEMI patients after primary PCI. A matched cohort of healthy volunteers was used to derive reference values for comparison. STEMI patients were followed for 6 months for a composite clinical endpoint. Results: Fifty-one STEMI patients (age 59.8 +/- 8.8 years) and 50 controls (age 56.2 +/- 9.2 years; p = 0.155) were enrolled. RBCm concentration was 18,198 +/- 6062/mu l in the reference cohort versus 33,740 +/- 21,169/mu l in STEMI patients (p < 0.001). RBCm count was not correlated to total RBCs (standardized beta 0.018; p = 0.861). PLTm did not differ between groups (17,529 +/- 16,292/mu l in STEMI patients versus 14,372 +/- 6211/mu l in controls; p = 0.203). RBCm c-statistic was 0.832 (95% confidence interval 0.720 to 0.944), while PLTm prognostic value was not statistically significant (c-statistic 0.614, 95% confidence interval 0.444 to 0.784). In the multivariate analysis, RBCm concentration was independently associated with the occurrence of the clinical endpoint, after adjustment for age, ejection fraction, serum creatinine and presence of diabetes (adjusted p = 0.034). Conclusions: The present study demonstrates for the first time that erythrocyte microparticles are elevated in patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI, with levels approximately double those measured in a reference population of healthy volunteers, and their concentrations appear to be positively associated with adverse clinical events. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.