Transplantation of novel vascular endothelial growth factor gene delivery system manipulated skeletal myoblasts promote myocardial repair

Background: Skeletal myoblast (SkM) transplantation combined with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene delivery has been proposed as a promising therapy for cardiac repair. Nevertheless, the defective gene vectors and unregulable VEGF expression in vivo hinder its application. Therefore, the search for an economical, effective, controllable gene delivery system is quite necessary. Methods: In our study, hyperbranched polyamidoamine (h-PAMAM) dendrimer was synthesized as a novel gene delivery vector using a modified method. And hypoxia-regulated human VEGF-165 plasmids (pHRE-hVEGF(165)) were constructed for controllable VEGF gene expression. The efficiency and feasibility of h-PAMAM-HRE-hVEGF(165) gene delivery system manipulated SkM transplantation for cardiac repair were investigated in myocardial infarction models. Results: The h-PAMAM encapsulated pHRE-hVEGF(165) could resist nuclease digestion for over 120 min. In primary SkMs, h-PAMAM-pHRE-hVEGF(165) gene delivery system showed high transfection efficiency (43.47 +/- 2.22%) and minor cytotoxicity (cell viability = 91.38 +/- 0.48%). And the transfected SkMs could express hVEGF(165) for 18 days under hypoxia in vitro. For myocardial infarction models, intramyocardial transplantation of the transfected SkMs could result in reduction of apoptotic myocardiocytes, improvement of grafted cell survival, decrease of infarct size and interstitial fibrosis, and increase of blood vessel density, which inhibited left ventricle remodeling and improved heart function at the late phase following infarction. Conclusions: These results indicate that h-PAMAM based pHRE-hVEGF(165) gene delivery into SkMs is feasible and effective, and may serve as a novel and promising gene therapy strategy in ischemic heart disease. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.