期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
卷 131, 期 12, 页码 2910-2919出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27565
关键词
gastric cancer; fruit and vegetables; cohort study
类别
资金
- European Commission [QLG1-CT-2001-01049]
- Fundacio LaCaixa [exp.BM06-130-0]
- Health Research Fund of the Spanish Ministry of Health [FIS exp. PI07/0130]
- ECNIS Network of Excellence of the 6th EU Framework Programme (FP6) [FOOD-CT-2005-513 943]
- AGAUR, Generalitat de Catalunya [exp. 2009SGR939]
- Spanish Ministry of Health [ISCIII RD06/0020]
- Spanish Regional Governments of Andalusia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia [6236]
- Europe Against Cancer
- Programme of the European Commission (SANCO)
- Ligue contre le Cancer (France)
- Societe 3M (France)
- Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM)
- German Cancer Aid
- German Cancer Research Center
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
- Danish Cancer Society
- Navarra and the Catalan Institute of Oncology
- Cancer Research (UK)
- Medical Research Council (UK)
- Stroke Association (UK)
- British Heart Foundation
- Department of Health (UK)
- Food Standards Agency (UK)
- Wellcome Trust (UK)
- Greek Ministry of Health
- Greek Ministry of Education
- Italian Association for Research on Cancer
- Italian National Research Council
- Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports
- Dutch Ministry of Health
- Dutch Prevention Funds
- LK Research Funds
- Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland)
- World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)
- Swedish Cancer Society
- Swedish Scientific Council
- Regional Government of Skane (Sweden)
- Norwegian Cancer Society
- Cancer Research UK [14136] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G1000143, G0401527, MC_U106179471] Funding Source: researchfish
In a previous European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC) analysis, we found an inverse association between total intake of vegetables, onion and garlic, and risk of intestinal gastric cancer (GC) and between citrus fruit and risk of cardia GC. The aim of this study is to reanalyze the effect of fruit and vegetables (F&V), based on a longer follow-up and twice the number of GC cases. Subjects are 477,312 men and women mostly aged 35 to 70 years participating in the EPIC cohort, including 683 gastric adenocarcinomas with 11 years of follow-up. Information on diet and lifestyle was collected at baseline. A calibration study in a subsample was used to correct for dietary measurement errors. When comparing the highest vs. lowest quintile of intake, we found an inverse association between total intake of V&F and GC risk [hazard ratio (HR) 0.77; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.571.04; p for trend 0.02], between fresh fruit and risk of the diffuse type (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.360.97; p for trend 0.03) and an inverse association between citrus fruit and risk of cardia cancer (HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.381.00, p for trend 0.01). Although calibration revealed somewhat stronger inverse associations, none of the risks reached statistical significance. There was no association between total or specific vegetables intake and GC risk. The inverse association between fresh fruit and citrus fruits and risk of GC seems to be restricted to smokers and the Northern European countries. Fresh fruit and citrus fruit consumption may protect against diffuse and cardia GC, respectively.
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