Ca2+-dependent regulation of mitochondrial dynamics by the Miro-Milton complex

Calcium oscillations control mitochondrial motility along the microtubules and in turn, support on-demand distribution of mitochondria. However, the mechanism mediating the Ca2+ effect remained a mystery. Recently, several papers reported on the Ca2+-dependent regulation of mitochondrial dynamics by a Miro-Milton complex linking mitochondria to kinesin motors. Both mitochondrial motility and fusion-fission dynamics seem to be sensitive to a Ca2+-dependent switch by this complex. Evidence is emerging that calcium signaling through Miro-Milton is central to coordination of the local oxidative metabolism with the energy demands and protection against Ca2+-induced cell injury. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.