Energy efficiency techniques in machining process: a review

The paper presents an overview of the state of the art in energy-efficient techniques in the domain of discrete part manufacturing, focusing on the techniques including energy assessment model for machining process and the energy efficiency analysis and evaluation for machine tools, important components, and machining systems. The main motivation is to review the existing works related to reduce energy consumption in machining processes, to discuss the challenges towards energy-efficient manufacturing, and identify the major barriers from both technologies and approaches.