期刊
INTEGRATIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE
卷 43, 期 4, 页码 393-405出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12124-009-9098-7
关键词
Ecological psychology; Gibson; Affordances; Perception-action; Social psychology; Levels of analysis
资金
- Spanish Ministry of Education and Science [HUM2006-11603-C02-02]
Is it useful to apply ecological principles, developed to understand perception and action, in research areas such as social psychology? Charles (Integrative Psychological & Behavioral Sciences 43(1) 53-66 2009) warns ecological psychologists interested in this question that much time and effort can be saved through a backwards extension to or rediscovery of the New Realism tradition. In response, we analyze what ecological psychology risks to lose with such a backwards extension and describe existing extensions of the approach not considered by Charles. According to Charles, New Realism holds that: (1) we experience reality, (2) relations are real, and (3) things are what you see when you see those things. Our arguments originate from a comparison of these principles with six recently described ecological ones: (1) organism-environment systems are the proper units of analysis, (2) environmental realities should be defined at the ecological scale, (3) behavior is emergent and self-organized, (4) perception and action are continuous and cyclic, (5) information is specificational, and (6) perception is of affordances (Richardson et al. 2008).
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