期刊
INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY
卷 5, 期 6, 页码 877-888出版社
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c3ib20245c
关键词
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类别
资金
- EPSRC/BBSRC Doctoral Training centre [BB/G530225/1]
- EPSRC [EP/D508053/1]
- BBSRC [BB/C008219/1, BB/5302251, BB/I004688/1, BB/I017186/1, BB/I004696/1, BB/I00470X/1, BB/J003883/1, BB/J020060/1, BB/J500422/1]
- NWO (various)
- EU [NO043235, MRTN-CT-019496]
- BBSRC [BB/D019079/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/J020060/1, BB/D019079/1, BB/I004696/1, BB/I017186/1, BB/C008219/1, BB/I004688/1, BB/I00470X/1] Funding Source: researchfish
A key role of the antioxidant glutathione is detoxification of chemically reactive electrophilic drug metabolites within the liver. Therefore glutathione depletion can have severe toxic consequences. Ophthalmic acid and 5-oxoproline are metabolites involved in glutathione metabolism, which can be measured readily in the blood and urine and have been proposed as candidate biomarkers of hepatic glutathione content. However, currently it is unclear whether their concentrations in plasma exhibit a robust correlation with hepatic glutathione content. To explore this important question, we have developed a novel approach which combines a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of metabolism and disposition of paracetamol (acetaminophen) with a previously developed mathematical systems model of hepatic glutathione homeostasis. Paracetamol is metabolised to reactive intermediates which deplete glutathione and cause toxicity when given at high doses. Our model correctly predicted that hepatic glutathione depletion following paracetamol administration resulted in elevated concentrations of 5-oxoproline and ophthalmic acid in blood and of 5-oxoproline in urine. However, we also found from the model that concentrations of both of the compounds were likely to be influenced by prolonged administration of paracetamol and by the concentrations of intracellular metabolites such as methionine. We conclude that care must be taken when extrapolating from concentrations of these biomarkers to hepatic glutathione status.
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