期刊
INSECTES SOCIAUX
卷 58, 期 3, 页码 371-382出版社
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s00040-011-0154-1
关键词
Fungus-growing termites; Termitomyces basidiocarps; Seasonal fructification; Environmental variables; Fungus combs; Alates nuptial flight
类别
资金
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [FKZ 01 LC 00617A2]
The Macrotermitinae subfamily is characterized by its symbiosis with fungi of the genus Termitomyces. The most common and presumably primitive mode of reproduction for these fungi is to produce basidiocarps on the mounds of the host termite colony. The seasonal fructification pattern of the fungi seems to depend on the habitat type and termite ecology. We examined Termitomyces diversity and distribution in two phytogeographic zones in central and southern Cte d'Ivoire. Data were collected in different habitats in exhaustive searches with standardized methods for termites and basidiocarps as well. The respective findings were complemented with behavioral and life cycle data of the associated termite species. Basidiocarps occur species-specifically either during the long or the short rainy season in wooded habitats. The diversity and abundance of termites and their associated basidiocarps were significantly correlated only with woody plant species richness. Nuptial flight of termites, comb biomass and Termitomyces fructification periods were correlated. Termitomyces appear to fructify during (1) the period of strong precipitation, (2) in habitats with appropriate microclimatic characteristics.
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