Stability and Structural Evolution of Ce1-xIVLnxIIIO2-x/2 Solid Solutions: A Coupled μ-Raman/XRD Approach

Several CeO2-based mixed oxides with general composition Ce(1-x)Ln(x)O(2-x/2) (for 0 <= x <= 1 and Ln = La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er, or Yb) were prepared using an initial oxalic precipitation leading to a homogeneous distribution of cations in the oxides. After characterization of the Ce/Nd oxalate precursors and then thermal conversion to oxides at T = 1000 degrees C, investigation of the crystalline structure of these oxides was carried out by XRD mu-Raman spectroscopy. Typical fluorite Fm (3) over barm structure was obtained for relatively low Ln(III) contents, while a cubic Ia (3) over bar superstructure was evidenced above x approximate to 0.4. Moreover, since Nd2O3 does not crystallize with the Ia (3) over bar -type structure, two-phase systems composed with additional hexagonal Nd2O3 were obtained for x(Nd) >= 0.73 in the Ce1-xNdO2-x/2 series. The effect of heat treatment temperature on these limits was explored through mu-Raman spectroscopy, which allowed determining the presence of small amounts of the different crystal structures observed. In addition, the variation of the Ce(1-x)Ln(x)O(2-x/2) unit cell parameter was found to follow a quadratic relation as a result of the combination between increasing cationic radius, modifications of cation coordination, and decreasing O-O repulsion caused by oxygen vacancies.