Antibiotics for Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections: Vancomycin, Teicoplanin, Quinupristin/Dalfopristin, Oxazolidinones, Daptomycin, Dalbavancin, and Telavancin

An overview of the mechanism of action, dosing, clinical indications, and toxicities of the glycopeptide vancomycin is provided. The emerging gram-positive bacterial resistance to antimicrobials and its mechanisms are reviewed. Strategies to control this emergence of resistance are expected to be proposed. Newer antimicrobial agents that have activity against vancomycin-resistant organisms are now available and play a critical role in the treatment of life-threatening infections.