期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
卷 63, 期 1, 页码 237-251出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2013.2274201
关键词
Cognitive radio (CR); congestion game; opportunistic spectrum access; vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs)
In this paper, we investigate the opportunistic spectrum access for cognitive radio vehicular ad hoc networks. The probability distribution of the channel availability is first derived through a finite-state continuous-time Markov chain, jointly considering the mobility of vehicles and the spatial distribution and temporal channel usage pattern of primary transmitters. Utilizing the channel availability statistics, we propose a game-theoretic spectrum access scheme for vehicles to opportunistically access licensed channels in a distributed manner. In particular, the spectrum access process is modeled as a noncooperative congestion game. The existence of the Nash equilibrium (NE) is proved, and its efficiency is analyzed when employing the uniform medium access control protocol and slotted ALOHA, respectively. Furthermore, a spectrum access algorithm is devised to achieve a pure NE with high efficiency and fairness. Simulation results validate our analysis and demonstrate that the proposed spectrum access scheme can achieve higher utility and fairness, compared with a random access scheme.
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