Printed S-Band 4 x 4 Nolen Matrix for Multiple Beam Antenna Applications

A Nolen matrix design method is proposed as an asymptotic singular case of a recent Blass matrix design algorithm. The procedure is illustrated by a 4 x 4 Nolen matrix, which design is centred at 2.2 GHz, with the amplitude and phase output excitation laws of a Butler matrix using 90 degrees hybrids. Simulation and measurement results are presented in this paper. Such a matrix may find applications on multiport amplifiers as well as multiple beam antennas required on satellite digital multimedia broadcasting systems. This is illustrated by the use of such a matrix to feed a four-element multiple beam linear array antenna. Beam squint effects are investigated.