Biodegradable Polymeric Films and Membranes Processing and Forming for Tissue Engineering

This paper critically reviews the overall process of biodegradable polymer films and membranes scaffold fabrication for tissue engineering (TE). Various fabrication techniques including both the processing and the post-processing methods are presented. The processing methods are categorized systematically into basic casting technique, porogen technique, and tooling technique. A comprehensive discussion on post-processing steps and surface patterning techniques is also included to showcase the potential of membrane in TE applications. This paper also evaluates the requirements of films and membrane scaffolds for specific TE applications. The challenges and future outlook of membrane scaffolds are highlighted with potential application in 3D vascularized tissues fabrication.