期刊
IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS
卷 49, 期 1, 页码 179-189出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2013.2282091
关键词
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS); Raman spectroscopy; single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD); single-photon counting; time gating
资金
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
A 1024 x 8 time-gated, single-photon avalanche diode line sensor is presented for time-resolved laser Raman spectroscopy and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Two different chip geometries were implemented and characterized. A type-I sensor has a maximum photon detection efficiency of 0.3% and median dark count rate of 80 Hz at 3 V of excess bias. A type-II sensor offers a maximum photon detection efficiency of 19.3% and a median dark count rate of 5.7 kHz at 3 V of excess bias. Both chips have 250-ps temporal resolution and fast gating capability, with a minimum gate width of 1.8 ns for type I and 0.7 ns for type II. Raman spectra were successfully observed from natural minerals, such as calcite and willemite. With the use of subnanosecond gating, background fluorescence was significantly reduced.
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