The relationship among acute-phase responce proteins, cytokines, and hormones in various gastrointestinal cancer types patients with cachectic

Background: Acute-phase response proteins (APRPs), cytokines, and hormones have been claimed to be an independent, important factor of cancers. We suggest that in gastrointestinal system cancers, changes in APRP, cytokines, and hormones are associated. Methods: C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, interleukin I alpha (IL-I alpha), IL-I beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), midkine, vascular endothelial growth factor-A(VEGF-A), VEGF-C, VEGF receptor I (VEGFR I), leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin serum levels are studied in 148 gastrointestinal system cancer types and 40 healthy controls. Results: We found statistically significant differences and correlations between groups. We found significantly higher serum CRP, IL-I alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL- 10, TNF-alpha, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGFRI, and leptin concentrations in patients with esophageal, gastric, pancreas, colon, and rectum cancers than controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.0001). But, we found lower levels of the serum albumin, midkine, adiponectin, and ghrelin in patients with esophageal, gastric, pancreas, colon, and rectum cancers compared to control subjects (p < 0.05, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Cachexia in gastrointestinal system cancer types is associated with changes in APRP, cytokines, and hormone concentrations. This may be reflected between the outcomes in malignancies and the biomarkers.