Helicobacter pylori Antigen HP0986 (TieA) Interacts with Cultured Gastric Epithelial Cells and Induces IL8 Secretion via NF-κB Mediated Pathway

BackgroundThe envisaged roles and partly understood functional properties of Helicobacter pylori protein HP0986 are significant in the context of proinflammatory and or proapoptotic activities, the two important facilitators of pathogen survival and persistence. In addition, sequence analysis of this gene predicts a restriction endonuclease function which remained unknown thus far. To evaluate the role of HP0986 in gastric inflammation, we studied its expression profile using a large number of clinical isolates but a limited number of biopsies and patient sera. Also, we studied antigenic role of HP0986 in altering cytokine responses of human gastric epithelial (AGS) cells including its interaction with and localization within the AGS cells. Materials and MethodsFor in vitro expression study of HP0986, 110 H.pylori clinical isolates were cultured from patients with functional dyspepsia. For expression analysis by qRT PCR of HP0986, 10 gastric biopsy specimens were studied. HP0986 was also used to detect antibodies in patient sera. AGS cells were incubated with recombinant HP0986 to determine cytokine response and NF-B activation. Transient transfection with HP0986 cloned in pEGFPN1 was used to study its subcellular localization or homing in AGS cells. ResultsOut of 110 cultured H.pylori strains, 34 (31%) were positive for HP0986 and this observation was correlated with in vitro expression profiles. HP0986 mRNA was detected in 7 of the 10 biopsy specimens. Further, HP0986 induced IL-8 secretion in gastric epithelial cells in a dose and time-dependent manner via NF-B pathway. Serum antibodies against HP0986 were positively associated with H.pylori positive patients. Transient transfection of AGS cells revealed both cytoplasmic and nuclear localization of HP0986. ConclusionHP0986 was moderately prevalent in clinical isolates and its expression profile in cultures and gastric biopsies points to its being naturally expressed. Collective observations including the induction of IL-8 via TNFR1 and NF-B, subcellular localization, and seropositivity data point to a significant role of HP0986 in gastroduodenal inflammation. We propose to name the HP0986 gene/protein as TNFR1 interacting endonuclease A (TieA or tieA)'.