Article
Virology
Zhen Fu, Yixin Xiang, Yanan Fu, Zhelin Su, Yubei Tan, Mengfang Yang, Yuanyuan Yan, Hakimeh Baghaei Daemi, Yuejun Shi, Shengsong Xie, Limeng Sun, Guiqing Peng
Summary: DYRK1A is identified as a critical host factor for the replication of multiple coronaviruses, providing insights into virus-host interactions and facilitating the development of new antiviral drugs.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Singh Deepak Kumar, Sinha Kshitij, Singh Rakesh Kumar, Yadav Kuldeep, Kaif Mohammad, Chand Vipin Kumar, Singh Nirbhay
Summary: Varicella-zoster virus can become dormant and reactivate, causing the recurrence of chickenpox, particularly in patients undergoing trigeminal ganglion manipulation surgeries. It is important to obtain a detailed history of chickenpox infection in these patients and diagnose and treat any signs of reactivation promptly.
JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Gundolf Schuettfort, Caroline Roether, Annemarie Berger, Emmanouil Fokas, Ingeborg Fraunholz, Ana Groh, Annette Haberl, Pavel Khaykin, Daniel Martin, Claus Roedel, Maria Vehreschild, Christoph Stephan
Summary: The incidence of anal carcinoma is higher in individuals living with HIV compared to the general population. This study found that recovery of CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts after chemoradiotherapy was different in HIV-positive individuals, with CD4+ regeneration being more impaired.
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Marcela Gomez, David Martinez, Luisa Paez-Triana, Nicolas Luna, Angie Ramirez, Julian Medina, Lissa Cruz-Saavedra, Carolina Hernandez, Sergio Castaneda, Ramiro Bohorquez Melo, Luis Alejandro Suarez, Monica Palma-Cuero, Luz Mila Murcia, Leonel Gonzalez Paez, Leonardo Estrada Bustos, Manuel Alfonso Medina, Katiuska Ariza Campo, Holmer David Padilla, Alexander Zamora Florez, Jorge Luis de las Salas, Marina Munoz, Juan David Ramirez
Summary: A comprehensive understanding of the virome in mosquito vectors, especially Aedes aegypti, is important for assessing viral transmission potential, designing effective vector control strategies, and deepening our knowledge of insect-specific viruses (ISVs). This study used metagenomics to characterize the virome of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in Colombia, a country with high dengue virus (DENV) incidence. The results showed that the virome composition of Ae. aegypti is similar in both DENV-positive and DENV-negative samples, but the relative abundance of certain viral families differs depending on the DENV serotype. Additionally, ISVs, such as Phasi Charoen-like phasivirus (PCLV), were frequently found in the core virome of Ae. aegypti, with variable abundance associated with specific DENV serotypes. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a shared evolutionary relationship between PCLV sequences from Colombia, Brazil, and Guadeloupe. This study improves our understanding of viral diversity in mosquito vectors and suggests possible connections between ISVs and arboviruses.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Ali Maleki, Parvaneh Mehrbod, Farah Bokharaei-Salim, Sana Eybpoosh, Mahsa Tavakoli, Azita Eshratkhah Mohammadnejad, Zahra Hosseini, Setareh Kashanian, Laya Farhan Asadi, Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri, Fatemeh Fotouhi
Summary: This study found that about 21.8% of patients with COVID-19 symptoms but negative SARS-CoV-2 test results had at least one respiratory virus infection, with the most common being influenza A and the least common being adenovirus. The infection rate of respiratory viruses was slightly higher in men compared to women, but the difference was not statistically significant. Age was inversely associated with the prevalence of respiratory viruses, with the highest rate in children below 2 years old and the lowest rate in individuals above 65 years old.
Article
Immunology
Francesca Cossarini, Judith A. Aberg, Benjamin K. Chen, Saurabh Mehandru
Summary: Progress has been made in transforming AIDS, but finding a preventative vaccine or a cure for HIV remains challenging. This article focuses on the steps involved in HIV latency and emphasizes the importance of gut-associated lymphoid tissue in HIV persistence.
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2023)
Review
Virology
Pedro Miguel Carneiro Jeronimo, Cleber Furtado Aksenen, Igor Oliveira Duarte, Roberto D. Lins, Fabio Miyajima
Summary: This study provides a literature review and data analysis on structural losses in the SARS-CoV-2 genome, and discusses the potential relevance of these losses for the virus's adaptive evolution and spread.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Yuki Haga, Keith Meyer, Molly M. H. Sung, Erin K. Reagan, Drew Weissman, Ranjit Ray
Summary: The rational selection of HCV vaccine antigen can help prevent future chronic liver disease burden. In this study, the modified sE2(F442NYT) antigen from HCV showed improved activation of DCs, CD4(+)T cells, and B cells compared to the parental sE2, resulting in a robust protective immune response.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Matthew J. Vukovich, Nagarajan Raju, Prudence Kgagudi, Nelia P. Manamela, Alexandra A. Abu-Shmais, Kathryn R. Gripenstraw, Perry T. Wasdin, Xiaoying Shen, Bridget Dwyer, Jumana Akoad, Rebecca M. Lynch, David C. Montefiori, Simone I. Richardson, Penny L. Moore, Ivelin S. Georgiev
Summary: This study investigated multivalent HIV-1 Env immunization strategies and developed a novel method for screening guinea pig B cell receptor antigen specificity. The research found that immunization with a cocktail of three Env strains could provide broader neutralization effects, but a larger cocktail size may have detrimental effects.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Laurence Caron, Jean-Sebastien Delisle, James E. Strong, Yvon Deschambault, Felix Lombard-Vadnais, Annie-Claude Labbe, Sylvie Lesage
Summary: LCMV is a human pathogen naturally present in wild rodents and used in immunology research. Accidental human infection with LCMV Armstrong, a laboratory strain, resulted in symptoms different from infections with LCMV Clone-13, highlighting the importance of recognizing and managing symptoms associated with specific LCMV strains.
Article
Virology
Fouad S. El-mayet, Clinton Jones
Summary: Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) infections in cows cause respiratory tract disorders and weaken immune responses, leading to bacterial pneumonia. After the initial infection, the virus enters a latent state in sensory neurons and cells in the pharyngeal tonsil. Stress can reactivate the virus from latency, and the cellular transcription factor Sp1 plays a role in enhancing viral replication and reactivation. The antibiotic mithramycin A has the potential to inhibit Sp1 function and reduce viral replication. The interaction between the glucocorticoid receptor and Sp1 stimulates viral gene expression and replication in response to stress.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Gianmarco Ferrara, Consiglia Longobardi, Maria Francesca Sgadari, Brunella Restucci, Giuseppe Iovane, Roberto Ciarcia, Ugo Pagnini, Serena Montagnaro
Summary: This study evaluates whether FeHV-1 induces apoptosis in its permissive cells and investigates the impact of apoptosis induction and inhibition on viral replication.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hugo Taligrot, Sebastien Wurtzer, Mathias Monnot, Laurent Moulin, Philippe Moulin
Summary: This study evaluated two methods for the concentration of adenoviruses, enteroviruses, and MS2 bacteriophages at different viral concentrations. The ultrafiltration-based method showed higher recovery rates compared to the electropositive-charged filter-based method. The performance of low-pressure reverse osmosis treatment was also assessed.
FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Shujuan Zhang, Jing Wang, Xiangyang Liu, Zifei Kan, Yiling Zhang, Zheng Niu, Xia Hu, Li Zhang, Xingcui Zhang, Zhenhui Song
Summary: This study found that the nucleocapsid protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) interacts with Ezrin to regulate the activity of Na+/H+ exchanger 3. Additionally, a small molecule drug called Pemetrexed was identified and found to effectively alleviate pig diarrhea caused by PEDV. These results provide support for further exploration of the pathogenesis of PEDV and the development of drugs to prevent PED.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Hong Duan, Xu Chen, Ziwei Zhang, Zhijie Zhang, Zhihan Li, Xinjie Wang, Jiakai Zhao, Yuchen Nan, Baoyuan Liu, Angke Zhang, Yani Sun, Qin Zhao
Summary: This study evaluated the antiviral activity of two nanobodies against PRRSV and found that one of them could effectively inhibit viral replication both in vitro and in vivo. The study also provided new insights into the molecular basis of PRRSV N protein self-binding and assembly of viral particles.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Wenying Gao, Liuli Wang, Wenzhe Cui, Hongfei Wang, Guofeng Huang, Zhaolong Li, Guangquan Li, Wenyan Zhang
Summary: The study reveals that the ORF6 protein of SARS-CoV-2 plays a vital role in antagonizing the host immune response and enhances viral replication. The regulatory mechanisms of ubiquitination and deubiquitination of ORF6 proteins have been identified, with the deubiquitinase USP1 stabilizing these proteins. Impeding ORF6 function could help attenuate the virulence of sarbecoviruses. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying sarbecovirus infections and offer potential therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Xin Tan, Kai Chen, Zhihuan Jiang, Ziqiang Liu, Siyun Wang, Yong Ying, Jieqiong Zhang, Shengjian Yuan, Zhipeng Huang, Ruyue Gao, Min Zhao, Aoting Weng, Yongqing Yang, Huilong Luo, Daizhou Zhang, Yingfei Ma
Summary: Phage therapy has shown great promise in treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. However, the lack of understanding of phage-host interactions has limited its clinical application. In this study, different purified phages were administered intravenously to healthy animals to evaluate their interactions and pharmacokinetics. The results showed a decrease in plasma phage concentrations with repeated administrations and activation of host immune responses. The observed immune responses and pharmacokinetic profiles varied depending on the type of phage and the mammalian host. Despite these variations, the tested animals exhibited a favorable tolerance to the administered phages. Understanding these interactions is significant for optimizing phage therapy outcomes.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Rosa Mallorson, Eri Miyagi, Sandra Kao, Sayaka Sukegawa, Hideki Saito, Helena Fabryova, Luciana Morellatto Ruggieri, Sonia Mediouni, Susana T. Valente, Klaus Strebel
Summary: HIV-1 infection leads to downregulation of hMRC1 expression in human macrophages, and Tat protein is involved in inhibiting the expression of hMRC1 by interfering with the binding of PU.1 transcription factor to the hMRC1 promoter. The study suggests that the activity of PU.1 can be regulated by HIV-1 Tat.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Jie-qiong Ma, Ya-nan Ren, Shi-yuan Wen, Ao-bo Dong, Wen-ge Xing, Yan Jiang
Summary: This study developed a method for screening HIV, Treponema pallidum (TP), and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) using dried plasma spots (DPS) samples, which exhibited high sensitivity and specificity for detecting these viruses. The optimized DPS-based ELISA method showed promising results for HIV, TP, and HCV detection, with high agreement between plasma and DPS samples.
Article
Virology
Mianzhi Wang, Jingyi Wei, Lei Jiang, Li Jiang, Junxuan Zhang, Xiaolu He, Yiwen Ren, Zixuan Wang, Yongxue Sun, Zhiqiang Wang
Summary: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria pose a threat to antibiotic therapies, and phage therapy has emerged as an alternative. This study successfully trained a phage to reduce bacterial resistance and improve treatment outcomes. The results showed improved clinical outcomes and reduced bacterial load with phage treatment, and the use of a phage cocktail delayed the emergence of resistance.
