Sport Sciences

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effects of branched chain amino acids, l-citrulline, and alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine supplementation on exercise performance in trained cyclists: a randomized crossover trial

Renee Nicole Harrington

Summary: This study investigates the effects of supplementation with BCAAs, L-citrulline, and A-GPC on exercise performance, and finds that this combination improves cycling performance. It may be beneficial for individuals looking to enhance athletic performance, particularly in disciplines requiring lower body muscular strength and endurance.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Effects of citrulline on endurance performance in young healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Callum S. Harnden, J. Agu, T. O. M. Gascoyne

Summary: This article is a systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to determine if acute ingestion of citrulline has an ergogenic effect on endurance performance in young healthy adults. The results showed no significant benefit of citrulline supplementation for endurance performance, but further research is needed due to the limited evidence base.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

The effects of L-Citrulline and Glutathione on Endurance performance in young adult trained males

Hannah E. Cabre, Casey E. Greenwalt, Lacey M. Gould, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan

Summary: This study investigated the effects of L-citrulline and glutathione on exercise performance and blood flow. The results showed that participants who took L-citrulline and glutathione had enhanced blood flow and increased concentrations of L-citrulline and L-arginine in their blood after high-intensity exercise. This suggests that the ingestion of L-citrulline and glutathione may improve blood flow and exercise performance.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Defecation enhances cerebral perfusion and delays fatigue in elite triathletes

Chen-Chan Wei, Giancarlo Condello, Ai-Lun Yang, Szu-Hsien Yu, Yi-Hung Liao, Chung-Yu Chen, Chi-Chieh Hsu, Chi-Yang Huang, Chia-Hua Kuo

Summary: This study aimed to determine the effect of rectal defecation on endurance performance and blood supply to the prefrontal brain and sub-navel regions of elite triathletes. The results showed that defecation improved performance in cycling and increased blood availability to compensate for cerebral deoxygenation during exercise.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

The dose-response effects of arachidonic acid on primary human skeletal myoblasts and myotubes

Brandon M. Roberts, Alexander L. Kolb, Alyssa V. Geddis, Marshall A. Naimo, Ronald W. Matheny

Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects of arachidonic acid (AA) supplementation on human muscle cells. The results showed that high concentrations of AA inhibited myoblast proliferation, myotube fusion, and myotube hypertrophy, suggesting potential deleterious effects on the health and viability of human skeletal muscle cells.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Prevalence and adverse effects of sport-related nutritional supplements (sport drinks, bars, and gels) in the military before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: the US Military Dietary Supplement Use Study

Joseph J. Knapik, Daniel W. Trone, Ryan A. Steelman, Emily K. Farina, Harris R. Lieberman

Summary: This study examined the use and adverse effects of sport-related nutritional supplements (SRNS) among active-duty service members in the United States before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings showed a slight decrease in SRNS use during the pandemic, possibly due to military restrictions and government regulations. The incidence of adverse effects was low in both phases, suggesting that they were transient.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Supplementation of caffeine and sodium bicarbonate together could not improve performance and performance-related factors in CrossFit participants: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Amirhosein Ziyaiyan, Fatemeh Shabkhiz, Martin Hofmeister

Summary: This study found that caffeine and sodium bicarbonate ingestion, either separately or in combination, had some effects on the performance and rate of perceived exertion during CrossFit training. However, these supplements did not have a significant impact on overall performance, muscular power, and handgrip strength. Therefore, CrossFit participants can benefit from the ergogenic effects of caffeine and sodium bicarbonate when consumed separately or together.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

The efficacy of a home-use metabolic device (Lumen) in response to a short-term low and high carbohydrate diet in healthy volunteers

Justin Roberts, Dirk Dugdale-Duwell, Joseph Lillis, Jorge Marques Pinto, Ash Willmott, Shlomo Yeshurun, Merav Mor, Tjeu Souren

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the Lumen device's response to a high-carbohydrate meal under laboratory conditions and a short-term low- or high-carbohydrate diet in healthy volunteers. The results showed that the Lumen device detected a significant increase in expired %CO2 after the high-carbohydrate meal and may be useful in tracking mean weekly changes to acute dietary carbohydrate modifications.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

The effects of a thermogenic supplement on metabolic and hemodynamic variables and subjective mood states

Jessica M. Prather, Christine M. Florez, Amie Vargas, Bella Soto, Abby Harrison, Darryn Willoughby, Grant Tinsley, Lem Taylor

Summary: The study aimed to determine whether a thermogenic supplement affects metabolic rate, hemodynamic responses, and mood states. The results showed that ingestion of a specific thermogenic supplement formulation can produce a sustained increase in metabolic rate and caloric expenditure and reduce fatigue over 3 hours without producing adverse hemodynamic responses.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation in winter on physical performance of university students: a one-month randomized controlled trial

Xiao-Li Zhang, Qing Zhang, Xu Zhang, Qin-Wen Gu, Jin-Jing Pan, Yu-Fang Pei, Jia-Fu Li, Fei Jiang, Ling-Jing Diao, Hui-Ming Zhou, Hong-Mei Ding, Zeng-Li Zhang, Guang-Ming Zhou, Wen-Jun Wang, Bing-Yan Li

Summary: This study investigated the effects of one-month vitamin D3 supplementation on physical performance in Chinese university students during winter. The results showed that supplementation increased serum 25(OH)D levels and decreased PTH, but did not significantly impact physical performance, lipid parameters, and bone turnover markers. Additionally, 25(OH)D levels combined with athletic, Hb, and FVC were found to be predictors of VO2max.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Collagen peptides supplementation improves function, pain, and physical and mental outcomes in active adults

Shiloah A. Kviatkovsky, Robert C. Hickner, Hannah E. Cabre, Stephanie D. Small, Michael J. Ormsbee

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of daily consumption of 10 g/d and 20 g/d collagen peptide (CP) on pain, function, and physical and mental health in middle-aged active adults. The results showed that 10 g/d CP improved activities of daily living (ADLs) and pain over 6 months, while 20 g/d CP improved physical and mental health, but only in females.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Improved physical performance of elite soccer players based on GPS results after 4 days of carbohydrate loading followed by 3 days of low carbohydrate diet

Abdolreza Kazemi, Ghazi Racil, Amir Hossein Ahmadi Hekmatikar, Mohadeseh Behnam Moghadam, Parisa Karami, Menno Henselmans

Summary: This study investigated the effects of carbohydrate loading on the performance of elite soccer players under ecologically valid conditions using GPS data. The results showed that carbohydrate loading significantly improved running distance, maximum speed, and repeated sprints, while reducing player load, metabolic power, and running imbalance during the match.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Body fat of competitive volleyball players: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Piotr Matlosz, Bojan Makivic, Robert Csapo, Patria Hume, Benedikt Mitter, Alejandro Martinez-Rodriguez, Pascal Bauer

Summary: This review systematically summarized the relative body fat of volleyball players and found that males had a body fat of 12.8% and females had a body fat of 22.8%. The body fat values varied depending on the measurement method and competitive level. Despite the limitations, this meta-analysis provided pooled values for body fat of male and female volleyball players for different competitive levels and measurement methods.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

International society of sports nutrition position stand: essential amino acid supplementation on skeletal muscle and Performance

Arny A. Ferrando, Robert R. Wolfe, Katie R. Hirsch, David D. Church, Shiloah A. Kviatkovsky, Michael D. Roberts, Jeffrey R. Stout, Drew E. Gonzalez, Ryan J. Sowinski, Richard B. Kreider, Chad M. Kerksick, Nicholas A. Burd, Stefan M. Pasiakos, Michael J. Ormsbee, Shawn M. Arent, Paul J. Arciero, Bill I. Campbell, Trisha A. Vandusseldorp, Ralf Jager, Darryn S. Willoughby, Douglas S. Kalman, Jose Antonio

Summary: This article presents the position of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) on the effects of essential amino acid (EAA) supplementation on skeletal muscle maintenance and performance. The article provides scientific evidence on the benefits of EAA supplementation for athletes and other populations. Key conclusions include the role of EAAs in muscle protein synthesis, the effectiveness of free-form EAA supplementation, and the increased EAA requirements in aging populations.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Pre-sleep feeding, sleep quality, and markers of recovery in division I NCAA female soccer players

Casey E. E. Greenwalt, Elisa Angeles, Matthew D. D. Vukovich, Abbie E. E. Smith-Ryan, Chris W. W. Bach, Stacy T. T. Sims, Tucker Zeleny, Kristen E. E. Holmes, David M. M. Presby, Katie J. J. Schiltz, Marine Dupuit, Liliana I. I. Renteria, Michael J. J. Ormsbee

Summary: The pre-sleep nutrition habits of elite female athletes have not been evaluated. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 14 NCAA Division I female soccer players, measuring their average pre-sleep nutritional intake. The study found that consuming a small meal before bed had no impact on sleep and recovery.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effects of pre-sleep protein supplementation on plasma markers of muscle damage and inflammatory cytokines resulting from sprint interval training in trained swimmers

Cairong Wu, Jie Deng, Chengli Gao

Summary: The study examined the effects of pre-sleep protein supplementation on recovery from sprint interval training. The results showed that pre-sleep protein ingestion did not ameliorate blood markers of muscle damage, but both protein and carbohydrate ingestion improved the anti-inflammatory response after two weeks of training.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effect of single or combined caffeine and L-Theanine supplementation on shooting and cognitive performance in elite curling athletes: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Umut Yilmaz, Yusuf Buzdagli, Muhammed Lutfu Polat, Yusuf Bakir, Burak Ozhanci, Sena Alkazan, Halil Ucar

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of caffeine and L-theanine supplementation on shooting and cognitive performance in elite curling athletes. The results showed that the combined intake of caffeine and L-theanine significantly improved athletes' performance in shooting styles and cognitive tasks compared to single intake or placebo.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Pre-sleep protein supplementation in professional cyclists during a training camp: a three-arm randomized controlled trial

Pedro L. Valenzuela, Lidia B. Alejo, Almudena Montalvo-Perez, Diego Ojanguren, Miguel Gorriz, Itziar Pagola, Laureano M. Ozcoidi, Alejandro Lucia, David Barranco-Gil

Summary: This study examined the effects of pre-sleep protein supplementation on endurance athletes. The results showed that taking protein supplements either before sleep or earlier in the day did not have any beneficial effects on fatigue recovery and performance.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

The effect of fish oil supplementation on resistance training-induced adaptations

Jeffery L. Heileson, Steven B. Machek, Dillon R. Harris, Sara Tomek, Leticia C. de Souza, Adam J. Kieffer, Nicholas D. Barringer, Andrew Gallucci, Jeffrey S. Forsse, LesLee K. Funderburk

Summary: Fish oil supplementation enhances the effects of resistance exercise training on muscle strength and hypertrophy, especially in young, healthy adults.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effects of a ready-to-drink thermogenic beverage on resting energy expenditure, hemodynamic function, and subjective outcomes

Christian Rodriguez, Matthew T. Stratton, Patrick S. Harty, Madelin R. Siedler, Jake R. Boykin, Jacob J. Green, Dale S. Keith, Sarah J. White, Brielle DeHaven, Alexandra Brojanac, Ethan Tinoco, Lem W. Taylor, Grant M. Tinsley

Summary: Thermogenic supplements are popular for improving energy levels and reducing body fat. They contain ingredients like caffeine and green tea extract. Research has shown that these supplements can increase resting energy expenditure, but the effect varies depending on the ingredients used. There are also concerns about their impact on heart rate and blood pressure. More studies are needed to determine the efficacy and safety of these commercially available products.

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SPORTS NUTRITION (2023)

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