Article
Neurosciences
Haruki Toda, Hiroaki Hobara, Mitsunori Tada
Summary: This study investigated sex differences in lower limb dynamic joint stiffness (DJS) during walking in older adults. The results showed that ankle DJS was lower in older women, which was caused by the reduced ankle plantarflexion moment. However, knee DJS did not elucidate the cause of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in older women.
Article
Neurosciences
Luis H. Cubillos, Elliott J. Rouse, Thomas E. Augenstein, Varun Joshi, Edward S. Claflin, Chandramouli Krishnan
Summary: The study found that the reliability of stiffness, viscosity, and inertia of the ankle joint was good to excellent during standing. During walking, the reliability of stiffness and viscosity was also good to excellent, while that of inertia was fair to good. The minimal detectable change (MDC) ranged widely, but was higher for inertia during walking.
Article
Neurosciences
Takahiro Watanabe, Tomoya Takabayashi, Takanori Kikumoto, Yudai Kikuchi, Shunsuke Suzuki, Shiori Hiratsuka, Masayoshi Kubo
Summary: This study suggests that there are differences in abductor hallucis activity between individuals with chronic ankle instability and ankle sprain copers, indicating neuromuscular dysfunction in these patients, which leads to pain and instability symptoms.
Article
Neurosciences
Yoshitaka Otani, Osamu Aoki
Summary: This study found that feelings of fear affect postural control but not the internal focus of attention. This finding may be useful in assessments and interventions for older adults with a fall risk.
Article
Neurosciences
Sharon M. H. Tsang, Evest H. W. Chan, Jason Y. H. Chan, Gladys P. Y. Huang, Kelly K. T. Lam, Eunice W. Y. Lam, Allan C. L. Fu, Eliza R. Sun
Summary: This study examined the differences in postural adjustments between erect, hyperlordotic, and swayback postures when facing external perturbations. The findings suggest that adopting hyperlordotic and swayback postures alters the contributions of the active and passive subsystems of the spine in postural control, potentially reducing the spine's ability to withstand loading and shear forces.
Article
Neurosciences
Nina Gras, Torsten Brauner, Scott Wearing, Thomas Horstmann
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the challenge posed by progressively unstable balance devices to bipedal stance during early functional rehabilitation in THA patients. The results showed that increasingly compliant balance pads provided a progressive challenge, while the challenge posed by the oscillating platform was lower and independent of the ability to stand independently.
Article
Neurosciences
Hsin-yi Wang, Cheng-Yi Ho, Min-Chun Pan
Summary: This study investigated the differences in lumbar and hip movements during gait and muscle activities related to knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients and healthy participants. The results showed that KOA patients used a hyperlordotic lumbar and hip flexed strategy, leading to excessive stress on the lower extremity joints during gait.
Article
Neurosciences
John J. Buchanan, Alberto Cordova
Summary: Research has shown that spontaneous visual coupling supports frequency entrainment, phase attraction, and intermittent interpersonal coordination during the switch from a novision (NV) to vision (V) context among co-actors. The experiments demonstrate that similar self-paced frequencies result from same amplitude movements, while different amplitudes lead to disparate frequencies. In experiment 1, co-actors were instructed to maintain amplitude without explicit instructions for coordination, which limited frequency and phase entrainment in the V context. In experiment 2, co-actors were instructed to maintain amplitude and intentionally coordinate together, resulting in significant frequency modulations and the production of various stable relative phase patterns.
HUMAN MOVEMENT SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Alexandra F. Dejong Lempke, Danielle L. Hunt, Sarah B. Willwerth, Pierre A. d'Hemecourt, William P. Meehan III, Kristin E. Whitney
Summary: Adolescent athletes alter their gait patterns throughout a marathon race, and there are correlations between biomechanical features and race performance among young marathoners.
Article
Neurosciences
Ali Esmaeili, Sayed Esmaeil Hosseininejad, Amirali Jafarnezhadgero, Valdeci Carlos Dionisio
Summary: This study investigates the effects of footwear type, navicular drop and ankle pronation on lower limb joint stiffness during running. The results show that navicular drop and dynamic ankle pronation do not affect joint stiffness, but footwear type significantly affects joint stiffness. Conventional footwear increases ankle and hip joint stiffness while reducing knee joint stiffness, which may have implications for injury risk.
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Robyn L. Moffitt
Summary: These three studies examined exercise preferences in real-world and virtual environments and their relationship with social physique anxiety, social comparison, and self-presentational efficacy. The results showed that individuals who preferred exercising at home tended to have lower exercise behavior and more negative fitness-related social comparisons. Those with lower exercise behavior, negative social comparisons, lower self-presentational efficacy, or higher social physique anxiety were more likely to choose virtual reality exercise over real-world exercise. In a virtual reality exercise setting, individuals with higher social physique anxiety and more negative social comparisons preferred embodying a nonhuman and fantasy avatar. The findings suggest that individuals who value self-presentation and have low belief in their competence to project a positive image are more likely to prefer exercise contexts that minimize physique and fitness evaluations. Additionally, virtual reality may offer a less threatening environment for individuals who feel self-conscious or inferior during exercise.
PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
K. Doslikova, N. D. Reeves, C. N. Maganaris, V. Baltzopoulos, S. M. P. Verschueren, F. P. Luyten, R. K. Jones, D. T. Felson, M. J. Callaghan
Summary: This study aimed to examine the effect of a sleeve knee brace on knee biomechanics during stair negotiation in patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis patients. The findings showed that the knee brace significantly reduced the maximal flexion angle, adduction angle, sagittal and frontal range of motion, and sagittal peak extension moment during stair ascent. During stair descent, the knee brace significantly reduced the maximal flexion angle and total sagittal range of motion compared to control.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Sport Sciences
Sarah E. Beable
CLINICS IN SPORTS MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Savitha Subramaniam, Shuaijie Wang, Tanvi Bhatt
Summary: This study investigates the dance movement kinematics of people with chronic stroke under different types of assistance, including no assistance, safety harness assistance, and contact guard assistance with gait belt. The results show that there is a decrease in joint angle excursions in the no assistance condition compared to the safety harness assistance and contact guard assistance conditions for all song paces. The safety harness and contact guard assistance conditions have similar levels of joint angle excursions, except for higher hip (slow and fast pace) and ankle (medium pace) joint angle excursions in the contact guard assistance condition compared to the safety harness assistance condition.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Orthopedics
Hong-Yun Li, Wen-Kai Xuan, Hong Li, Ying-Hui Hua, Shi-Yi Chen
Summary: The stability of double-row suture fixation was found to be equivalent to compression screw fixation in treating lateral malleolar avulsion fractures larger than 10 mm in size with ligament injury, according to our biomechanical testing.
ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE ARTHROSCOPY REHABILITATION AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Jongseong An, Gabriele Wulf
Summary: The study demonstrates that an external focus improves performance and learning of motor skills compared to an internal focus. Through a golf pitch shot experiment, it is found that external focus instructions enhance skill learning, increase positive affect, reduce negative affect, and improve self-efficacy. These findings support assumptions of the OPTIMAL theory and emphasize the attentional and motivational benefits of an external focus.
PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2024)
Article
Orthopedics
Ignacio Pasqualini, Michael Mariorenzi, Alison K. Klika, Pedro J. Rullan, Chao Zhang, Trevor G. Murray, Robert M. Molloy, Nicolas S. Piuzzi
Summary: This study aimed to determine the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and the patient acceptable symptoms state (PASS) threshold for the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) pain subscore, KOOS physical short form (PS), and KOOS joint replacement (JR) following medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (mUKA). The study identified useful values for the MCID and PASS thresholds at 1 year following medial UKA of KOOS pain, KOOS PS, and KOOS JR scores. These values may be used as targets for surgeons when evaluating PROMS using KOOS to determine whether patients have achieved successful outcomes after their surgical intervention.
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Andressa de Oliveira Araujo, Gledson Tavares Amorim Oliveira, Felipe de Oliveira Matos, Fivia de Araujo Lopes, Rodrigo Alberto Vieira Browne, Hassan Mohamed Elsangedy
Summary: This study investigated the influence of reflective and automatic processes on physical activity and sedentary behavior, and found direct associations and moderating effects between the two. The findings underline the importance of considering the interplay between reflective and automatic processes in shaping movement behavior.
PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2024)
Article
Orthopedics
Takuya Sengoku, Junsuke Nakase, Rikuto Yoshimizu, Mitsuhiro Kimura, Tomoyuki Kanayama, Goro Sakurai, Shinya Yoshida, Takashi Kitagawa, Katsuhiko Kitaoka, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
Summary: This prospective study investigated the relationship between preoperative psychological competitive ability and preoperative and 6 months postoperative subjective knee function in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The results showed that psychological competitive ability is not associated with a return to participate in the entire practice, and a low preoperative subjective score should not be viewed too negatively.
ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE ARTHROSCOPY REHABILITATION AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Simone Ciaccioni, Oscar Castro, Fatimah Bahrami, Phillip D. Tomporowski, Laura Capranica, Stuart J. H. Biddle, Ineke Vergeer, Caterina Pesce
Summary: This systematic review examined the relationship between martial arts and combat sports training and the mental health of adult practitioners. The findings suggest inconclusive associations between martial arts and combat sports practice and self-related constructs, limited evidence of significant associations with sub-domains of ill-being and well-being, and consistent evidence of positive association with perceptual and inhibition abilities. However, the evidence on attention, memory, and the negative associations of boxing with changes in brain structure integrity was limited and inconclusive. The multifaceted nature of martial arts and combat sports may produce different outcomes on mental health, and factors such as activity exposure, expertise, level of competitive engagement, sex, and type of practice may moderate these effects. Further research is needed to enhance theoretical and practical approaches in this field.
PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2024)
