Peripheral Vascular Disease

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Fetal Brain Volume Predicts Neurodevelopment in Congenital Heart Disease

Anjali Sadhwani, David Wypij, Valerie Rofeberg, Ali Gholipour, Maggie Mittleman, Julia Rohde, Clemente Velasco-Annis, Johanna Calderon, Kevin G. Friedman, Wayne Tworetzky, P. Ellen Grant, Janet S. Soul, Simon K. Warfield, Jane W. Newburger, Cynthia M. Ortinau, Caitlin K. Rollins

Summary: This study investigated whether fetal brain volume could predict neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). The results showed that fetal brain volume was correlated with cognitive, language, motor scores, and adaptive functioning scores. Fetal brain volume was found to be a strong independent predictor of neurodevelopmental outcomes, suggesting its potential as an important imaging biomarker for future risk assessment in CHD.

CIRCULATION (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Vascular Dysfunction of COVID-19 Is Partially Reverted in the Long-Term

Luca Zanoli, Agostino Gaudio, Dimitri P. Mikhailidis, Niki Katsiki, Niccolo Castellino, Lorenzo Lo Cicero, Giulio Geraci, Concetto Sessa, Letizia Fiorito, Francesca Marino, Maria Antonietta Di Rosolini, Michele Colaci, Antonio Longo, Arturo Montineri, Lorenzo Malatino, Pietro Castellino

Summary: COVID-19 has mid- and long-term effects on vascular and cardiac autonomic function, with increased aortic pulse wave velocity and improved arterial stiffness.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Distinctive Biomarker Features in the Endotheliopathy of COVID-19 and Septic Syndromes

Sara Fernandez, Ana B. Moreno-Castano, Marta Palomo, Julia Martinez-Sanchez, Sergi Torramade-Moix, Adrian Tellez, Helena Ventosa, Ferran Segui, Gines Escolar, Enric Carreras, Josep M. Nicolas, Edward Richardson, David Garcia-Bernal, Carmelo Carlo-Stella, Jose M. Moraleda, Paul G. Richardson, Maribel Diaz-Ricart, Pedro Castro

Summary: COVID-19 patients exhibit increased circulating biomarkers of endothelial damage, complement activation, and fibrinolytic dysregulation, associated with disease severity. COVID-19 endotheliopathy differs from sepsis syndrome, in which endothelial damage is also a critical feature of pathobiology.

SHOCK (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Deletion of BACH1 Attenuates Atherosclerosis by Reducing Endothelial Inflammation

Mengping Jia, Qinhan Li, Jieyu Guo, Weihao Shi, Lei Zhu, Yijun Huang, Yongbo Li, Li Wang, Siyu Ma, Tao Zhuang, Xiaoqun Wang, Qi Pan, Xiangxiang Wei, Yue Qin, Xiaobo Li, Jiayu Jin, Xiuling Zhi, Jingdong Tang, Qing Jing, Shanqun Li, Lindi Jiang, Lefeng Qu, Elena Osto, Jianyi Zhang, Xinhong Wang, Bo Yu, Dan Meng

Summary: This study identifies BACH1 as a mechanosensor of hemodynamic stress and reveals that the BACH1-YAP transcriptional network is essential to vascular inflammation and atherogenesis. BACH1 shows potential as a novel therapeutic target in atherosclerosis.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2022)

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Letter Hematology

Therapeutic versus Prophylactic Bemiparin in Hospitalized Patients with Nonsevere COVID-19 Pneumonia (BEMICOP Study): An Open-Label, Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial

Maria Marcos-Jubilar, Francisco Carmona-Torre, Rosa Vidal, Pedro Ruiz-Artacho, David Filella, Cristina Carbonell, Victor Jimenez-Yuste, Juana Schwartz, Pilar Llamas, Felix Alegre, Belen Sadaba, Jorge Nunez-Cordoba, Jose R. Yuste, Javier Fernandez-Garcia, Ramon Lecumberri

Summary: In hospitalized COVID-19 patients with nonsevere pneumonia but elevated D-dimer, a short course of therapeutic-dose bemiparin does not appear to improve clinical outcomes compared to standard prophylactic doses.

THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Amulet or Watchman Device for Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure: Primary Results of the SWISS-APERO Randomized Clinical Trial

Roberto Galea, Federico De Marco, Nicolas Meneveau, Adel Aminian, Frederic Anselme, Christoph Grani, Adrian T. Huber, Emmanuel Teiger, Xavier Iriart, Flora Babongo Bosombo, Dik Heg, Anna Franzone, Pascal Vranckx, Urs Fischer, Giovanni Pedrazzini, Francesco Bedogni, Lorenz Raber, Marco Valgimigli

Summary: In percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure, there is no significant difference in residual LAA patency and clinical outcomes between Amulet and Watchman FLX. The latter has a higher leakage rate at transesophageal echocardiography, but the Amulet group has more procedural complications. The clinical significance of LAA patency detected by CCTA requires further investigation.

CIRCULATION (2022)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Gut Microbiome and Neuroinflammation in Hypertension

Elaine M. Richards, Jing Li, Bruce R. Stevens, Carl J. Pepine, Mohan K. Raizada

Summary: Hypertension is a global health problem with significant impacts on morbidity, mortality, and healthcare resource utilization. The prevalence of hypertension is increasing, affecting nearly 50% of American adults. Despite the availability of multiple antihypertensive drugs and lifestyle modifications, blood pressure control remains inadequate in about 1 in 5 hypertensive individuals. This review discusses the hypothesis of the gut-brain axis in hypertension, highlighting the involvement of gut physiology, gut microbiota, and neuroinflammation. The dysfunction of this axis contributes to hypertension through inflammatory mediators, metabolites, gut bacteria, and altered afferent information, leading to neuroinflammation and dysregulated autonomic nervous system activity. Understanding these mechanisms could potentially lead to more effective treatments for hypertension.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

lncExACT1 and DCHS2 Regulate Physiological and Pathological Cardiac Growth

Haobo Li, Lena E. Trager, Xiaojun Liu, Margaret H. Hastings, Chunyang Xiao, Justin Guerra, Samantha To, Guoping Li, Ashish Yeri, Rodosthenis Rodosthenous, Michael G. Silverman, Saumya Das, Amrut V. Ambardekar, Michael R. Bristow, Juan Manuel Gonzalez-Rosa, Anthony Rosenzweig

Summary: This study identifies a novel pathway, lncExACT1-DCHS2, that regulates cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyogenesis. lncExACT1-DCHS2 acts as a master switch toggling the heart between physiological and pathological growth to determine functional outcomes, providing a potentially tractable therapeutic target for harnessing the beneficial effects of exercise.

CIRCULATION (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

First-Line Catheter Ablation of Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in Cardiomyopathy Concurrent With Defibrillator Implantation: The PAUSE-SCD Randomized Trial

Roderick Tung, Yumei Xue, Minglong Chen, Chenyang Jiang, Dalise Y. Shatz, Stephanie Besser, Hongde Hu, Fa-Po Chung, Shiro Nakahara, Young-Hoon Kim, Kazuhiro Satomi, Lishui Shen, Erpeng Liang, Hongtao Liao, Kai Gu, Ruhong Jiang, Jian Jiang, Yuichi Hori, Jong-Il Choi, Akiko Ueda, Yuki Komatsu, Shuichiro Kazawa, Kyoko Soejima, Shih-Ann Chen, Akihiko Nogami, Yan Yao

Summary: The study confirmed that early catheter ablation therapy for ventricular tachycardia (VT) at the time of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation significantly reduced the composite primary outcome of VT recurrence, cardiovascular hospitalization, or death for patients with cardiomyopathy.

CIRCULATION (2022)

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Editorial Material Peripheral Vascular Disease

Neo-ECHOTIP: A structured protocol for ultrasound-based tip navigation and tip location during placement of central venous access devices in neonates

Giovanni Barone, Mauro Pittiruti, Daniele G. Biasucci, Daniele Elisei, Emanuele Iacobone, Antonio La Greca, Geremia Zito Marinosci, Vito D'Andrea

Summary: Central venous access devices are often required for neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Post-procedural X-ray assessment of the catheter tip location is inaccurate and time-consuming, therefore intra-procedural ultrasound navigation is recommended for more cost-effective and timely placement. Real-time ultrasound is considered the most promising tool for tip navigation in neonates, allowing for quicker and more accurate location of central catheter tips.

JOURNAL OF VASCULAR ACCESS (2022)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

Nonadherence in Hypertension: How to Develop and Implement Chemical Adherence Testing

Dan Lane, Alexander Lawson, Angela Burns, Michel Azizi, Michel Burnier, Donald J. L. Jones, Benjamin Kably, Kamlesh Khunti, Reinhold Kreutz, Prashanth Patel, Alexandre Persu, Wilko Spiering, Stefan W. Toennes, Maciej Tomaszewski, Bryan Williams, Pankaj Gupta, Indranil Dasgupta

Summary: Nonadherence to antihypertensive medication is common, and chemical adherence testing is a reliable method to detect nonadherence, especially in patients with apparent treatment-resistant hypertension. Testing should be done in specific situations, such as in those with resistant hypertension or those on multiple antihypertensives with inadequate blood pressure control. Verbal consent should be obtained before testing, and results should be discussed with the patient for better understanding.

HYPERTENSION (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Long-Term Leisure-Time Physical Activity Intensity and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Prospective Cohort of US Adults

Dong Hoon Lee, Leandro F. M. Rezende, Hee-Kyung Joh, NaNa Keum, Gerson Ferrari, Juan Pablo Rey-Lopez, Eric B. Rimm, Fred K. Tabung, Edward L. Giovannucci

Summary: Engaging in moderate or vigorous physical activities for an appropriate amount of time can reduce the risk of mortality.

CIRCULATION (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Basilar Artery Occlusion Chinese Endovascular Trial: Protocol for a prospective randomized controlled study

Chuanhui Li, Chuanjie Wu, Longfei Wu, Wenbo Zhao, Jian Chen, Ming Ren, Chen Yao, Xiaoyan Yan, Chongya Dong, Haiqing Song, Qingfeng Ma, Jiangang Duan, Yunzhou Zhang, Hongqi Zhang, Liqun Jiao, Yuping Wang, Tudor G. Jovin, Xunming Ji

Summary: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy in stroke patients with acute basilar artery occlusion compared to best medical therapy. The study design is a prospective randomized controlled trial, with the primary outcome being the proportion of patients achieving mRS 0-3 at 90 days.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE (2022)

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Review Peripheral Vascular Disease

European recommendations on the proper indication and use of peripheral venous access devices (the ERPIUP consensus): A WoCoVA project

Mauro Pittiruti, Ton van Boxtel, Giancarlo Scoppettuolo, Peter Carr, Evangelos Konstantinou, Gloria Ortiz Miluy, Massimo Lamperti, Godelieve Alice Goossens, Liz Simcock, Christian Dupont, Sheila Inwood, Sergio Bertoglio, Jackie Nicholson, Fulvio Pinelli, Gilda Pepe

Summary: The WoCoVA Foundation has developed an international Consensus to provide a clear and useful classification of peripheral venous access devices, clarify the indication for central versus peripheral venous access, discuss the indications and proper techniques for different peripheral venous access devices, and improve the standardization of terminology.

JOURNAL OF VASCULAR ACCESS (2023)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Evidence-Based Medical Therapy in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction and Chronic Kidney Disease

Iris E. Beldhuis, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Jeffrey M. Testani, Adriaan A. Voors, Harriette G. C. Van Spall, Jozine M. ter Maaten, Kevin Damman

Summary: Chronic kidney disease is a common comorbidity in patients with heart failure and is associated with increased severity and poor cardiovascular outcomes. Limited information is available on the efficacy and safety of heart failure therapies in patients with severe CKD, particularly in stage 5 CKD. However, some drug classes have shown evidence of safety and efficacy in patients with stage 4 CKD. Additionally, the decline in eGFR observed with the initiation of certain heart failure drug classes does not necessarily indicate a worsening condition and should not lead to discontinuation of life-saving therapies.

CIRCULATION (2022)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular and valvular diseases: A genetic epidemiological perspective

Benoit J. Arsenault, Pia R. Kamstrup

Summary: The rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have significantly decreased in the Western world over the past 50 years. However, a significant proportion of high-risk patients still experience heart attacks, strokes, and valvular heart diseases. Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) has been identified as a critical component of this residual risk and is strongly associated with a range of cardiovascular and valvular heart diseases. Up to 1 billion people globally may be at high risk due to their Lp(a) levels.

ATHEROSCLEROSIS (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Endovascular Treatment Versus Best Medical Management in Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion Strokes: Results From the ATTENTION Multicenter Registry

Chunrong Tao, Adnan Qureshi, Yamei Yin, Jie Li, Rui Li, Pengfei Xu, Jun Sun, Geng Liao, Xincan Yue, Hongchao Shi, Yongchang Liu, Zhengfei Ma, Jinhua Zhang, Guodong Xiao, Bo Xu, Chenghua Xu, Junfeng Su, Wensheng Zhou, Shuchun Huang, Weimin Yang, Hongbing Chen, Wei Li, Yongkun Li, Dezhi Liu, Chuanqing Yu, Guangxiong Yuan, Chaobin Wang, Wenbao Liang, Chun Chen, Xueying Shi, Junjun Wang, Yingchun Wu, Xueli Cai, Chunyun Shen, Kai Li, Pu Fang, Ming Wang, Zhongjun Chen, Tong Li, Guangsen Cheng, Yaxuan Sun, Yan Wang, Hui Zhang, Jie Chen, Xiaohui Xu, Youmeng Wang, Wanjie Geng, Chuyuan Ni, Changchun Chen, Yan Liu, Jie Min, Yongcheng Zhang, Yong Liang, Chao Wen, Blaise W. Baxter, Raul G. Nogueira, Wei Hu

Summary: This study compared the effectiveness and safety of endovascular treatment (EVT) with best medical management (BMM) in strokes caused by acute basilar artery occlusion. The findings showed that EVT was associated with significantly better functional outcomes and survival compared to BMM.

CIRCULATION (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Legumain Is an Endogenous Modulator of Integrin αvβ3 Triggering Vascular Degeneration, Dissection, and Rupture

Lihong Pan, Peiyuan Bai, Xinyu Weng, Jin Liu, Yingjie Chen, Siqin Chen, Xiurui Ma, Kai Hu, Aijun Sun, Junbo Ge

Summary: The role of legumain (LGMN) in thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) development and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation was investigated. Elevated LGMN levels were observed in aorta and sera from TAD patients and in BAPN-induced TAD model mice. LGMN was found to regulate VSMC phenotype transformation and its inhibition ameliorated TAD progression.

CIRCULATION (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induces Ferroptosis of Sinoatrial Node Pacemaker Cells

Yuling Han, Jiajun Zhu, Liuliu Yang, Benjamin E. Nilsson-Payant, Romulo Hurtado, Lauretta A. Lacko, Xiaolu Sun, Aravind R. Gade, Christina A. Higgins, Whitney J. Sisso, Xue Dong, Maple Wang, Zhengming Chen, David D. Ho, Geoffrey S. Pitt, Robert E. Schwartz, Benjamin R. TenOever, Todd Evans, Shuibing Chen

Summary: This study investigates the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the pacemaker cells of the heart, using a hamster model and human embryonic stem cells. The researchers found that the virus can infect the primary pacemaker cells in the heart and cause dysfunction. They also identified two drugs that can block the infection and virus-induced ferroptosis.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Endovascular treatment for acute basilar artery occlusion: A multicenter randomized controlled trial (ATTENTION)

Chunrong Tao, Rui Li, Yuyou Zhu, Sen Qun, Pengfei Xu, Li Wang, Chao Zhang, Tianlong Liu, Jianlong Song, Wen Sun, Guoping Wang, Blaise Baxter, Adnan Qureshi, Xinfeng Liu, Raul G. Nogueira, Wei Hu

Summary: The study aims to explore the efficacy and safety of EVT in patients with acute BAO and address the limitations of previous trial results.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE (2022)

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