Ophthalmology

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Review Ophthalmology

Venous overload choroidopathy: A hypothetical framework for central serous chorioretinopathy and allied disorders

Richard F. Spaide, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Hidetaka Matsumoto, Shoji Kishi, Camiel J. F. Boon, Elon H. C. van Dijk, Martine Mauget-Faysse, Francine Behar-Cohen, M. Elizabeth Hartnett, Sobha Sivaprasad, Tomohiro Iida, David M. Brown, Jay Chhablani, Peter M. Maloca

Summary: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is characterized by fluid leakage at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium, leading to macular detachment. Recent evaluations have shown that eyes with CSC have similar choroidal vascular abnormalities as eyes following occlusion of the vortex veins or carotid cavernous sinus fistulas. Abnormal venous outflow from the choroid appears to be a key factor in the pathophysiology of CSC.

PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Ophthalmology

Keratoconus: An updated review

Jacinto Santodomingo-Rubido, Gonzalo Carracedo, Asaki Suzaki, Cesar Villa-Collar, Stephen J. Vincent, James S. Wolffsohn

Summary: Keratoconus is a progressive disease that causes visual impairment and commonly develops in adolescence. It affects people of all ethnicities and genders, with varying rates of prevalence. The diagnosis and treatment of keratoconus depend on the severity of the condition.

CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

ISCEV Standard for full-field clinical electroretinography (2022 update)

Anthony G. Robson, Laura J. Frishman, John Grigg, Ruth Hamilton, Brett G. Jeffrey, Mineo Kondo, Shiying Li, Daphne L. McCulloch

Summary: This document presents an updated and revised ISCEV Standard for clinical electroretinogram (ERG) testing. It specifies minimum protocols for ERG stimuli, recording methods, and reporting to ensure consistency and facilitate diagnosis, monitoring, and inter-laboratory comparisons. The main changes include allowing ERGs to meet the Standard without mydriasis and providing more detail on analyzing oscillatory potentials (OPs).

DOCUMENTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Multimodal deep learning with feature level fusion for identification of choroidal neovascularization activity in age-related macular degeneration

Kai Jin, Yan Yan, Menglu Chen, Jun Wang, Xiangji Pan, Xindi Liu, Mushui Liu, Lixia Lou, Yao Wang, Juan Ye

Summary: This study utilized a multimodal deep learning model for the assessment of CNV in neovascular AMD, achieving comparable accuracy to retinal specialists. The FLF method proved to be feasible and highly accurate, with the model demonstrating potential for clinical use based on testing on external data sets.

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Myopia control effect of defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lens in Chinese children: results of a 3-year follow-up study

Carly S. Y. Lam, Wing Chun Tang, Paul H. Lee, Han Yu Zhang, Hua Qi, Keigo Hasegawa, Chi Ho To

Summary: The study found that the myopia control effect was sustained in children who had used DIMS spectacles in the previous 2 years and was also shown in children switching from SV to DIMS lenses.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Rhino-orbital mucormycosis during steroid therapy in COVID-19 patients: A case report

Amirreza Veisi, Abbas Bagheri, Mohammad Eshaghi, Mohamad Hasan Rikhtehgar, Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi, Reza Farjad

Summary: This report presents two cases of COVID-19 patients treated with corticosteroid developing mucormycosis, emphasizing the importance of prompt diagnosis and management.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Retinal findings in hospitalised patients with severe COVID-19

Leonardo Amarante Pereira, Larissa Caroline Mansano Soares, Priscila Alves Nascimento, Luciano Rabello Netto Cirillo, Hebert Toshiaki Sakuma, Glaucia Luciano da Veiga, Fernando Luiz Afonso Fonseca, Vagner Loduca Lima, Julio Zaki Abucham-Neto

Summary: This study identified acute vascular lesions in the inner retina, including flame-shaped hemorrhages and cotton wool spots, in patients with severe COVID-19. Further research is needed to properly assess these findings and gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology of COVID-19, as well as to identify new therapies.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Archway Randomized Phase 3 Trial of the Port Delivery System with Ranibizumab for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Nancy M. Holekamp, Peter A. Campochiaro, Margaret A. Chang, Daniel Miller, Dante Pieramici, Anthony P. Adamis, Christopher Brittain, Erica Evans, Derrick Kaufman, Katie F. Maass, Shienal Patel, Shrirang Ranade, Natasha Singh, Giulio Barteselli, Carl Regillo

Summary: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of Port Delivery System (PDS) with ranibizumab for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). The results showed that PDS was noninferior and equivalent to monthly ranibizumab, with a high percentage of PDS-treated patients not requiring supplemental treatment within the first 24 weeks.

OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Papillophlebitis in a COVID-19 patient: Inflammation and hypercoagulable state

Alfredo Insausti-Garcia, Jose Alberto Reche-Sainz, Celia Ruiz-Arranz, Angel Lopez Vazquez, Manuel Ferro-Osuna

Summary: This case report describes a patient who developed papillophlebitis after a recent COVID-19 infection and recovery. The importance of this case lies in the potential association between inflammation and coagulation alteration caused by the Sars-Cov2 coronavirus and the development of papillophlebitis.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Review Ophthalmology

Early and late stage gene therapy interventions for inherited retinal degenerations

Catherine Botto, Marco Rucli, Muge Defne Tekinsoy, Juliette Pulman, Jose-Alain Sahel, Deniz Dalkara

Summary: Inherited and age-related retinal degeneration are major causes of untreatable blindness. Genetic factors play a significant role in these diseases, and gene therapy is rapidly becoming a viable treatment approach. This article provides an overview of retinal gene therapy methods and their relevance to patients with inherited retinal degenerations.

PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Ophthalmology

Treatments for dry age-related macular degeneration: therapeutic avenues, clinical trials and future directions

Thales Antonio Cabral de Guimaraes, Malena Daich Varela, Michalis Georgiou, Michel Michaelides

Summary: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the developed world, with promising treatment prospects for wet AMD but challenges remain for dry AMD. Various therapeutic approaches are being investigated, including drugs with antioxidative properties, complement cascade inhibitors, gene therapy, etc., with promising results from early clinical trials.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Myopia incidence and lifestyle changes among school children during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based prospective study

Xiujuan Zhang, Stephanie S. L. Cheung, Hei-Nga Chan, Yuzhou Zhang, Yu Meng Wang, Benjamin H. Yip, Ka Wai Kam, Marco Yu, Ching-Yu Cheng, Alvin L. Young, Mike Y. W. Kwan, Patrick Ip, Kelvin Kam-Lung Chong, Clement C. Tham, Li Jia Chen, Chi-Pui Pang, Jason C. S. Yam

Summary: The study found that there may be a potential increase in myopia incidence among schoolchildren in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic, with significant decrease in outdoor time and increase in screen time. This highlights the need for collective efforts to prevent childhood myopia from becoming a potential public health crisis due to COVID-19.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

One-year myopia control efficacy of spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets

Jinhua Bao, Adeline Yang, Yingying Huang, Xue Li, Yiguo Pan, Chenglu Ding, Ee Woon Lim, Jingwei Zheng, Daniel P. Spiegel, Bjorn Drobe, Fan Lu, Hao Chen

Summary: The study found that spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets can effectively slow myopia progression and reduce axial elongation compared to single-vision spectacle lenses. Myopia control efficacy increases with lenslet asphericity.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Effect of Repeated Low-Level Red-Light Therapy for Myopia Control in Children A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Yu Jiang, Zhuoting Zhu, Xingping Tan, Xiangbin Kong, Hui Zhong, Jian Zhang, Ruilin Xiong, Yixiong Yuan, Junwen Zeng, Ian G. Morgan, Mingguang He

Summary: Repeated low-level red-light therapy is an effective and safe treatment for myopia control in children, without causing functional or structural damage.

OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Spectacle Lenses With Aspherical Lenslets for Myopia Control vs Single-Vision Spectacle Lenses A Randomized Clinical Trial

Jinhua Bao, Yingying Huang, Xue Li, Adeline Yang, Fengchao Zhou, Junqian Wu, Chu Wang, Yuhao Li, Ee Woon Lim, Daniel P. Spiegel, Bjorn Drobe, Hao Chen

Summary: This study found that spectacle lenses with higher lenslet asphericity, especially when worn for longer periods of time, can effectively reduce myopia progression and axial elongation over a two-year period.

JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Three-Year Clinical Trial of Low-Concentration Atropine for Myopia Progression (LAMP) Study: Continued Versus Washout Phase 3 Report

Jason C. Yam, Xiu Juan Zhang, Yuzhou Zhang, Yu Meng Wang, Shu Min Tang, Fen Fen Li, Ka Wai Kam, Simon T. Ko, Benjamin H. K. Yip, Alvin L. Young, Clement C. Tham, Li Jia Chen, Chi Pui Pang

Summary: The study aimed to compare the efficacy of different concentrations of atropine treatment in the third year, evaluate the efficacy of continued treatment over 3 years, and investigate the rebound phenomenon after cessation of treatment. The results showed that continued treatment achieved better outcomes in terms of myopia progression and axial elongation compared to the washout regimen across all concentrations. The optimal concentration for 3-year treatment in Chinese children was 0.05% atropine.

OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Secondary infection with rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis associated with COVID-19

Liane O. Dallalzadeh, Daniel J. Ozzello, Catherine Y. Liu, Don O. Kikkawa, Bobby S. Korn

Summary: Two fatal cases of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis associated with COVID-19 infection were reported, both rapidly declining and extending into the intracranial cavity. The role of ophthalmologists is crucial in early diagnosis of COVID-19 related mucormycosis.

ORBIT-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORBITAL DISORDERS-OCULOPLASTIC AND LACRIMAL SURGERY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Short-term real-world outcomes following intravitreal brolucizumab for neovascular AMD: SHIFT study

Louisa Maria Bulirsch, Marlene Sassmannshausen, Jennifer Nadal, Raffael Liegl, Sarah Thiele, Frank G. Holz

Summary: Switch to brolucizumab may be a viable treatment option for nAMD patients who are poorly responsive to other anti-VEGF agents, as indicated by the SHIFT study results. However, further long-term analyses are necessary to assess the efficacy and safety of brolucizumab in a routine clinical setting.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Retinal microvascular abnormalities in patients after COVID-19 depending on disease severity

Miguel Angel Zapata, Sandra Banderas Garcia, Adrian Sanchez-Moltalva, Anna Falco, Susana Otero-Romero, Gabriel Arcos, Daniel Velazquez-Villoria, Jose Garcia-Arumi

Summary: This study found that patients with moderate and severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia had decreased central retinal vascular density.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Ocular inflammatory events following COVID-19 vaccination: a multinational case series

Ilaria Testi, Camilo Brandao-de-Resende, Rupesh Agrawal, Carlos Pavesio

Summary: This study investigates ocular inflammatory events following COVID-19 vaccination and finds that most events are mild and do not significantly affect vision.

JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMIC INFLAMMATION AND INFECTION (2022)

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