Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ferit Durankus, Erson Aksu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the depression and anxiety levels of pregnant women. The results showed significant impacts of the pandemic on psychology, social isolation, and depression and anxiety scores, with more severe effects in the case group. Regression analysis also revealed significant associations between depression and anxiety levels and the psychological and social isolation effects of the disease. Therefore, providing psychosocial support to pregnant women during the crisis is crucial to prevent adverse events for both mothers and fetuses.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Christian M. Becker, Attila Bokor, Oskari Heikinheimo, Andrew Horne, Femke Jansen, Ludwig Kiesel, Kathleen King, Marina Kvaskoff, Annemiek Nap, Katrine Petersen, Ertan Saridogan, Carla Tomassetti, Nehalennia van Hanegem, Nicolas Vulliemoz, Nathalie Vermeulen
Summary: This guideline provides clinicians with evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of endometriosis. It covers various aspects including diagnosis, treatment of pain symptoms, management of infertility, and discusses different treatment options. Despite some limitations, this guideline is important for improving the care of patients with endometriosis.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION OPEN
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Melina Arnold, Eileen Morgan, Harriet Rumgay, Allini Mafra, Deependra Singh, Mathieu Laversanne, Jerome Vignat, Julie R. Gralow, Fatima Cardoso, Sabine Siesling, Isabelle Soerjomataram
Summary: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, with over 2.3 million new cases and 685,000 deaths in 2020. There is significant geographic variation in incidence rates, with lower rates in some Asian and African countries and higher rates in countries like Australia, New Zealand, Northern America, and parts of Europe. Mortality rates show less variation, but transitioning countries still bear a disproportionate burden of breast cancer deaths. By 2040, the burden of breast cancer is predicted to increase further due to population growth and ageing. Global efforts are needed to address this growing burden, especially in transitioning countries where incidence rates are rising rapidly and mortality rates remain high.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Kamran Hessami, Chiara Romanelli, Martina Chiurazzi, Mauro Cozzolino
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increases the risk of anxiety among women during pregnancy and the perinatal period, with no significant difference in depressive symptoms. Support measures should be considered to ensure the mental health of this vulnerable population.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Helena Blakeway, Smriti Prasad, Erkan Kalafat, Paul T. Heath, Shamez N. Ladhani, Kirsty Le Doare, Laura A. Magee, Pat O'Brien, Arezou Rezvani, Peter von Dadelszen, Asma Khalil
Summary: This study investigates the uptake and safety of COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant women. The results show that the proportion of vaccinated pregnant women is low, and those who received the vaccine experienced similar pregnancy outcomes compared to unvaccinated pregnant women. There is lower uptake among younger women, non-White ethnicity, and lower socioeconomic background. This study contributes to the evidence on the safety of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy and emphasizes the importance of improving awareness among pregnant women and healthcare professionals on vaccine safety.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Denise J. Jamieson, Sonja A. Rasmussen
Summary: Physiological, mechanical, and immunologic changes in pregnancy may affect susceptibility to and severity of COVID-19. Pregnancy is a risk factor for severe disease, with pregnant individuals more likely to experience adverse outcomes. Intrauterine transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is rare, possibly due to low viral levels and reduced expression of necessary receptors in the placenta. COVID-19 and its impact on healthcare systems have also had negative effects on pregnancy outcomes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ziyi Yang, Min Wang, Ziyu Zhu, Yi Liu
Summary: This article summarizes the impact of COVID-19 on pregnant women. The study found that pregnant women mainly exhibited symptoms such as fever, cough, and muscle aches during the infection. Most pregnant women opted for cesarean delivery, and the fetal and neonatal outcomes were mostly good. However, the current data only includes pregnant women infected in their third trimesters. Further research is needed to determine the potential for intrauterine vertical transmission and long-term outcomes.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jennifer Brooks, Kelly Gorman, Jordan McColm, Angela Martin, Marc Parrish, Gene T. Lee
Summary: Mothers with a short cervix have an increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery and newborn morbidity, especially those who require an ultrasound-indicated cerclage. Inflammation is linked to a short cervix and pregnancies affected by small for gestational age newborns.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Laura A. Magee, Mark A. Brown, David R. Hall, Sanjay Gupte, Annemarie Hennessy, S. Ananth Karumanchi, Louise C. Kenny, Fergus McCarthy, Jenny Myers, Liona C. Poon, Sarosh Rana, Shigeru Saito, Anne Cathrine Staff, Eleni Tsigas, Peter von Dadelszen
Summary: Uniform departmental management protocols should be maintained for managing hypertensive pregnant women, and regular audits of maternal and fetal outcomes should be conducted. The cause and optimal clinical management of pre-eclampsia and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy remain uncertain, therefore, it is recommended that every hypertensive pregnant woman be given the opportunity to participate in research, clinical trials, and follow-up studies.
PREGNANCY HYPERTENSION-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WOMENS CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Anne Cathrine Staff, Heidi E. Fjeldstad, Ingrid Knutsdotter Fosheim, Kjartan Moe, Gitta Turowski, Guro Mork Johnsen, Patji Alnaes-Katjavivi, Meryam Sugulle
Summary: Physiological transformation and remodeling of uteroplacental spiral arteries play a key role in successful placentation and normal placental function. Poor remodeling is associated with early-onset preeclampsia and other major obstetrical syndromes. Acute atherosis, a foam cell lesion, is linked to poor remodeling and may be triggered by inflammatory stimulation. Understanding this uteroplacental interface is crucial for understanding the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and its short- and long-term effects on pregnancy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Agustin Conde-Agudelo, Roberto Romero
Summary: There is a significant association between SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and the risk of preeclampsia, with infected pregnant women having a higher likelihood of developing the condition.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Christopher W. G. Redman, Anne Cathrine Staff, James M. Roberts
Summary: Preeclampsia evolves in 2 stages, with a placental problem generating signals to the mother and causing a range of responses. Early-onset preeclampsia is associated with poor placentation and lasts for several months, resulting in fetal growth restriction. Late-onset preeclampsia is part of a common process in all pregnancies, as the placental function declines with increasing chorionic villous packing. The most relevant feature of preeclampsia is syncytiotrophoblast stress, which can be detected in the maternal circulation. Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 is the best-known biomarker for preeclampsia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Daniel L. Rolnik, Kypros H. Nicolaides, Liona C. Poon
Summary: Preeclampsia is a significant cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Aspirin has been suggested as a possible preventive measure, but the research results are inconsistent. Recent studies have shown that taking 150 mg of aspirin daily before 16 weeks of gestational age, specifically at night, can significantly reduce the incidence of early-onset preeclampsia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Alison Edelman, Emily R. Boniface, Eleonora Benhar, Leo Han, Kristen A. Matteson, Carlotta Favaro, Jack T. Pearson, Blair G. Darney
Summary: This study aimed to assess whether COVID-19 vaccination is associated with changes in menstrual cycle or menses length. The findings suggest that vaccination is associated with a small change in cycle length but not menses length.
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jing Wang, Huifang Zhang, Jing Yan, Ting Zhang
Summary: This literature review summarizes the distribution characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial pathogens associated with bloodstream infections in Chinese neonates, providing a reference for pediatricians. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the most common pathogens associated with healthcare-related infections. Vancomycin and carbapenems should be considered as preferred treatment options.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Stephanie S. Faubion, Carolyn J. Crandall, Lori Davis, Samar R. El Khoudary, Howard N. Hodis, Roger A. Lobo, Pauline M. Maki, JoAnn E. Manson, JoAnn V. Pinkerton, Nanette F. Santoro, Jan L. Shifren, Chrisandra L. Shufelt, Rebecca C. Thurston, Wendy Wolfman
Summary: The 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of NAMS updates the previous statement and provides recommendations for the use of hormone therapy in menopausal women. Hormone therapy is effective in treating vasomotor symptoms and preventing bone loss, but its risks vary depending on individual factors. It is important to assess the benefits and risks on an individual basis and regularly reevaluate the need for continued therapy.
MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Hagai Levine, Niels Jorgensen, Anderson Martino-Andrade, Jaime Mendiola, Dan Weksler-Derri, Maya Jolles, Rachel Pinotti, Shanna H. Swan
Summary: This study reveals a significant decline in sperm count among men from all continents, with a more pronounced decrease observed post-2000. The decline in sperm count is not limited to North America-Europe-Australia, but also seen in South/Central America-Asia-Africa. Urgent research and action are needed to investigate the causes and prevent further disruption of male reproductive health.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION UPDATE
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Piya Chaemsaithong, Daljit Singh Sahota, Liona C. Poon
Summary: Preeclampsia is a significant threat to both mothers and babies, and early-onset disease requiring preterm delivery increases the risk of complications. Low-dose aspirin initiated before 16 weeks reduces the rate of preterm preeclampsia. Identifying pregnant women at risk during the first trimester is crucial, and current screening methods have suboptimal performance compared to the Fetal Medicine Foundation's first trimester prediction model (the triple test). This model has high detection rates and low false-positive rates, outperforming traditional risk factor screening methods.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Brendan J. Houston, Antoni Riera-Escamilla, Margot J. Wyrwoll, Albert Salas-Huetos, Miguel J. Xavier, Liina Nagirnaja, Corinna Friedrich, Don F. Conrad, Kenneth Aston, Csilla Krausz, Frank Tuttelmann, Moira K. O'Bryan, Joris A. Veltman, Manon S. Oud
Summary: Research has shown a significant genetic component in male infertility, particularly monogenic causes. The field had been slow in adopting next-generation sequencing technologies and lacked clear statements on validated causes of human male infertility. Through clinical validity assessment, 120 genes were identified to be moderately, strongly or definitively linked to 104 infertility phenotypes.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION UPDATE
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sarosh Rana, Suzanne D. Burke, S. Ananth Karumanchi
Summary: Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy that can lead to morbidity and mortality for both the mother and fetus. Abnormal levels of circulating angiogenic factors released from the placenta are believed to be responsible for the symptoms of preeclampsia. Measuring these angiogenic biomarkers in the blood can help clinicians diagnose and predict preeclampsia. Additionally, these biomarkers are useful in studying the mechanisms of related disorders of placental implantation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
