Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

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Article Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Global Carbon Budget 2021

Pierre Friedlingstein, Matthew W. Jones, Michael O'Sullivan, Robbie M. Andrew, Dorothee C. E. Bakker, Judith Hauck, Corinne Le Quere, Glen P. Peters, Wouter Peters, Julia Pongratz, Stephen Sitch, Josep G. Canadell, Philippe Ciais, Rob B. Jackson, Simone R. Alin, Peter Anthoni, Nicholas R. Bates, Meike Becker, Nicolas Bellouin, Laurent Bopp, Thi Tuyet Trang Chau, Frederic Chevallier, Louise P. Chini, Margot Cronin, Kim I. Currie, Bertrand Decharme, Laique M. Djeutchouang, Xinyu Dou, Wiley Evans, Richard A. Feely, Liang Feng, Thomas Gasser, Dennis Gilfillan, Thanos Gkritzalis, Giacomo Grassi, Luke Gregor, Nicolas Gruber, Ozgur Gurses, Ian Harris, Richard A. Houghton, George C. Hurtt, Yosuke Iida, Tatiana Ilyina, Ingrid T. Luijkx, Atul Jain, Steve D. Jones, Etsushi Kato, Daniel Kennedy, Kees Klein Goldewijk, Jurgen Knauer, Jan Ivar Korsbakken, Arne Kortzinger, Peter Landschutzer, Siv K. Lauvset, Nathalie Lefevre, Sebastian Lienert, Junjie Liu, Gregg Marland, Patrick C. McGuire, Joe R. Melton, David R. Munro, Julia E. M. S. Nabel, Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka, Yosuke Niwa, Tsuneo Ono, Denis Pierrot, Benjamin Poulter, Gregor Rehder, Laure Resplandy, Eddy Robertson, Christian Rodenbeck, Thais M. Rosan, Jorg Schwinger, Clemens Schwingshackl, Roland Seferian, Adrienne J. Sutton, Colm Sweeney, Toste Tanhua, Pieter P. Tans, Hanqin Tian, Bronte Tilbrook, Francesco Tubiello, Guido R. van der Werf, Nicolas Vuichard, Chisato Wada, Rik Wanninkhof, Andrew J. Watson, David Willis, Andrew J. Wiltshire, Wenping Yuan, Chao Yue, Xu Yue, Sonke Zaehle, Jiye Zeng

Summary: Accurate assessment of anthropogenic CO2 emissions and their redistribution among different components is critical for understanding the global carbon cycle. This study presents datasets and methodologies to quantify the major components of the global carbon budget. The results show changes in fossil fuel and land-use change emissions, as well as atmospheric CO2 concentration, ocean CO2 sink, and terrestrial CO2 sink.

EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979

Mika Rantanen, Alexey Yu Karpechko, Antti Lipponen, Kalle Nordling, Otto Hyvarinen, Kimmo Ruosteenoja, Timo Vihma, Ari Laaksonen

Summary: Analyses of observations and climate simulations suggest that Arctic Amplification has been stronger than expected and underestimated in climate models. The warming in the Arctic has been nearly four times faster than the global average over the past 43 years, which is a higher ratio than previously reported. This finding indicates the urgency and severity of Arctic warming.

COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT (2022)

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Article Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Global Carbon Budget 2022

Pierre Friedlingstein, Michael O'Sullivan, Matthew W. Jones, Robbie M. Andrew, Luke Gregor, Judith Hauck, Corinne Le Quere, Ingrid T. Luijkx, Are Olsen, Glen P. Peters, Wouter Peters, Julia Pongratz, Clemens Schwingshackl, Stephen Sitch, Josep G. Canadell, Philippe Ciais, Robert B. Jackson, Simone R. Alin, Ramdane Alkama, Almut Arneth, Vivek K. Arora, Nicholas R. Bates, Meike Becker, Nicolas Bellouin, Henry C. Bittig, Laurent Bopp, Frederic Chevallier, Louise P. Chini, Margot Cronin, Wiley Evans, Stefanie Falk, Richard A. Feely, Thomas Gasser, Marion Gehlen, Thanos Gkritzalis, Lucas Gloege, Giacomo Grassi, Nicolas Gruber, Ozgur Gurses, Ian Harris, Matthew Hefner, Richard A. Houghton, George C. Hurtt, Yosuke Iida, Tatiana Ilyina, Atul K. Jain, Annika Jersild, Koji Kadono, Etsushi Kato, Daniel Kennedy, Kees Klein Goldewijk, Jurgen Knauer, Jan Ivar Korsbakken, Peter Landschutzer, Nathalie Lefevre, Keith Lindsay, Junjie Liu, Zhu Liu, Gregg Marland, Nicolas Mayot, Matthew J. McGrath, Nicolas Metzl, Natalie M. Monacci, David R. Munro, Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka, Yosuke Niwa, Kevin O'Brien, Tsuneo Ono, Paul Palmer, Naiqing Pan, Denis Pierrot, Katie Pocock, Benjamin Poulter, Laure Resplandy, Eddy Robertson, Christian Rodenbeck, Carmen Rodriguez, Thais M. Rosan, Jorg Schwinger, Roland Seferian, Jamie D. Shutler, Ingunn Skjelvan, Tobias Steinhoff, Qing Sun, Adrienne J. Sutton, Colm Sweeney, Shintaro Takao, Toste Tanhua, Pieter P. Tans, Xiangjun Tian, Hanqin Tian, Bronte Tilbrook, Hiroyuki Tsujino, Francesco Tubiello, Guido R. van der Werf, Anthony P. Walker, Rik Wanninkhof, Chris Whitehead, Anna Willstrand Wranne, Rebecca Wright, Wenping Yuan, Chao Yue, Xu Yue, Sonke Zaehle, Jiye Zeng, Bo Zheng

Summary: Accurately assessing anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions is crucial for understanding the global carbon cycle, developing climate policies, and predicting climate change. This article describes the methodologies and data used to quantify the components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties. The data for 2021 shows an increase in fossil fuel and land-use change emissions, as well as the impacts of the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere on carbon absorption.

EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Rapid intensification of the emerging southwestern North American megadrought in 2020-2021

A. Park Williams, Benjamin Cook, Jason E. Smerdon

Summary: Southwestern North America has been experiencing a megadrought since 2000, with lower precipitation and higher temperatures. This drought, which spans from 2000 to 2021, is the driest 22-year period since 800 AD, with 19% of the severity in 2021 attributed to climate change. The drought severity in southwestern North America from 2000 to 2018 exceeded that of a megadrought in the late-1500s. Following the exceptional drought severity in 2021, which is 19% attributable to anthropogenic climate trends, the period from 2000 to 2021 is the driest 22-year period since at least 800 AD, and it is likely to persist through 2022, matching the duration of the late-1500s megadrought.

NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

The meaning of net zero and how to get it right

Sam Fankhauser, Stephen M. Smith, Myles Allen, Kaya Axelsson, Thomas Hale, Cameron Hepburn, J. Michael Kendall, Radhika Khosla, Javier Lezaun, Eli Mitchell-Larson, Michael Obersteiner, Lavanya Rajamani, Rosalind Rickaby, Nathalie Seddon, Thom Wetzer

Summary: The concept of net-zero carbon emissions is rooted in physical climate science but is operationalized through social, political, and economic systems. Seven critical attributes have been identified for the successful implementation of net zero, emphasizing the urgency of emission reductions, coverage of all emission sources, cautious use of carbon dioxide removals, and alignment with broader sustainable development objectives.

NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Over half of known human pathogenic diseases can be aggravated by climate change

Camilo Mora, Tristan McKenzie, Isabella M. Gaw, Jacqueline M. Dean, Hannah von Hammerstein, Tabatha A. Knudson, Renee O. Setter, Charlotte Z. Smith, Kira M. Webster, Jonathan A. Patz, Erik C. Franklin

Summary: Climate hazards have been shown to worsen the majority of human pathogenic diseases, with some diseases being mitigated in certain conditions. This highlights the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as a solution.

NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Inequitable patterns of US flood risk in the Anthropocene

Oliver E. J. Wing, William Lehman, Paul D. Bates, Christopher C. Sampson, Niall Quinn, Andrew M. Smith, Jeffrey C. Neal, Jeremy R. Porter, Carolyn Kousky

Summary: Current flood risk mapping fails to account for increasing threat under climate change. Incorporating new inundation modelling, this study shows a significant increase in US flood risk by 2050 due to climate change alone. The findings highlight the disproportionate burden faced by less advantaged communities and emphasize the need for adaptation and mitigation measures to address these risks.

NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Pronounced loss of Amazon rainforest resilience since the early 2000s

Chris A. Boulton, Timothy M. Lenton, Niklas Boers

Summary: The resilience of the Amazon rainforest to climate and land-use change is crucial for biodiversity, regional climate, and the global carbon cycle. However, deforestation and climate change have led to a decrease in resilience of more than three-quarters of the rainforest since the early 2000s, indicating a potential tipping point.

NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Observed increases in extreme fire weather driven by atmospheric humidity and temperature

Piyush Jain, Dante Castellanos-Acuna, Sean C. P. Coogan, John T. Abatzoglou, Mike D. Flannigan

Summary: Recent increases in regional wildfire activity have been linked to climate change, driven predominantly by decreasing relative humidity and increasing temperature. Future fire risk may increase as climate change projections suggest global decreases in relative humidity and increases in temperature.

NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Demand-side solutions to climate change mitigation consistent with high levels of well-being

Felix Creutzig, Leila Niamir, Xuemei Bai, Max Callaghan, Jonathan Cullen, Julio Diaz-Jose, Maria Figueroa, Arnulf Grubler, William F. Lamb, Adrian Leip, Eric Masanet, Erika Mata, Linus Mattauch, Jan C. Minx, Sebastian Mirasgedis, Yacob Mulugetta, Sudarmanto Budi Nugroho, Minal Pathak, Patricia Perkins, Joyashree Roy, Stephane de la Rue du Can, Yamina Saheb, Shreya Some, Linda Steg, Julia Steinberger, Diana Urge-Vorsatz

Summary: The study highlights the significant potential of demand-side measures in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and improving human well-being outcomes, with largely positive effects.

NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE (2022)

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Article Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Supply chain disruption during the COVID-19 pandemic: Recognizing potential disruption management strategies

Javid Moosavi, Amir M. Fathollahi-Fard, Maxim A. Dulebenets

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted supply chains worldwide. This study utilizes bibliometric, network, and thematic analyses to identify influential contributors, research streams, and disruption management strategies related to supply chain performance in the context of COVID-19. The primary themes identified are resilience and sustainability, with major research areas focused on food, health-related supply chains, and technology-aided tools such as AI, IoT, and blockchains.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION (2022)

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Article Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

A Possible Dynamic Mechanism for Rapid Production of the Extreme Hourly Rainfall in Zhengzhou City on 20 July 2021

Jinfang Yin, Haodong Gu, Xudong Liang, Miao Yu, Jisong Sun, Yanxin Xie, Feng Li, Chong Wu

Summary: In this study, the extreme rainfall event in Zhengzhou City in July 2021 was analyzed using observational data and model simulations. The model successfully reproduced the major weather systems and rainfall patterns, providing a possible explanation for the extreme rainfall production. The findings contribute to better understanding and forecasting of short-time extreme rainfall events.

JOURNAL OF METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of haze and pollution particles in China based on spatial statistics

Yan Liu, Jiawei Tian, Wenfeng Zheng, Lirong Yin

Summary: This paper discusses the spatial and temporal distribution of severe haze in China, analyzing the impact of economy and energy structure on haze. It provides references for dealing with haze weather and controlling air pollution in China. The study found that haze and PM2.5 concentrations are mainly distributed in the northern regions of China, with more occurrences in winter and less in summer.

URBAN CLIMATE (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Overview of the MOSAiC expedition-Atmosphere INTRODUCTION

Matthew D. Shupe, Markus Rex, Byron Blomquist, P. Ola G. Persson, Julia Schmale, Taneil Uttal, Dietrich Althausen, Helene Angot, Stephen Archer, Ludovic Bariteau, Ivo Beck, John Bilberry, Silvia Bucci, Clifton Buck, Matt Boyer, Zoe Brasseur, Ian M. Brooks, Radiance Calmer, John Cassano, Vagner Castro, David Chu, David Costa, Christopher J. Cox, Jessie Creamean, Susanne Crewell, Sandro Dahlke, Ellen Damm, Gijs de Boer, Holger Deckelmann, Klaus Dethloff, Marina Duetsch, Kerstin Ebell, Andre Ehrlich, Jody Ellis, Ronny Engelmann, Allison A. Fong, Markus M. Frey, Michael R. Gallagher, Laurens Ganzeveld, Rolf Gradinger, Juergen Graeser, Vernon Greenamyer, Hannes Griesche, Steele Griffiths, Jonathan Hamilton, Guenther Heinemann, Detlev Helmig, Andreas Herber, Celine Heuze, Julian Hofer, Todd Houchens, Dean Howard, Jun Inoue, Hans-Werner Jacobi, Ralf Jaiser, Tuija Jokinen, Olivier Jourdan, Gina Jozef, Wessley King, Amelie Kirchgaessner, Marcus Klingebiel, Misha Krassovski, Thomas Krumpen, Astrid Lampert, William Landing, Tiia Laurila, Dale Lawrence, Michael Lonardi, Brice Loose, Christof Luepkes, Maximilian Maahn, Andreas Macke, Wieslaw Maslowski, Christopher Marsay, Marion Maturilli, Mario Mech, Sara Morris, Manuel Moser, Marcel Nicolaus, Paul Ortega, Jackson Osborn, Falk Paetzold, Donald K. Perovich, Tuukka Petaja, Christian Pilz, Roberta Pirazzini, Kevin Posman, Heath Powers, Kerri A. Pratt, Andreas Preusser, Lauriane Quelever, Martin Radenz, Benjamin Rabe, Annette Rinke, Torsten Sachs, Alexander Schulz, Holger Siebert, Tercio Silva, Amy Solomon, Anja Sommerfeld, Gunnar Spreen, Mark Stephens, Andreas Stohl, Gunilla Svensson, Janek Uin, Juarez Viegas, Christiane Voigt, Peter von der Gathen, Birgit Wehner, Jeffrey M. Welker, Manfred Wendisch, Martin Werner, ZhouQing Xie, Fange Yue

Summary: With the Arctic rapidly changing, there is a crucial need to observe, understand, and model these changes. The MOSAiC expedition successfully documented and characterized various aspects of the Arctic atmospheric system through a comprehensive observational program. The observations revealed the significant influence of atmospheric variability and highlighted the higher temperatures and moisture near the sea ice edge during summer. The obtained data will support further research and modeling capabilities in the Arctic.

ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE (2022)

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Editorial Material Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

The 2020/21 Extremely Cold Winter in China Influenced by the Synergistic Effect of La Nina and Warm Arctic

Fei Zheng, Yuan Yuan, Yihui Ding, Kexin Li, Xianghui Fang, Yuheng Zhao, Yue Sun, Jiang Zhu, Zongjian Ke, Ji Wang, Xiaolong Jia

Summary: This report highlights that the frequent cold surges in the winter of 2020/21 were mainly caused by large-scale atmospheric circulation anomalies in the mid-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, with the synergistic effect of the warm Arctic and La Nina intensifying these anomalies.

ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Precipitation trends determine future occurrences of compound hot-dry events

Emanuele Bevacqua, Giuseppe Zappa, Flavio Lehner, Jakob Zscheischler

Summary: This study, using climate model large ensembles, demonstrates that future occurrences of compound hot-dry events over land will be primarily influenced by mean precipitation trends. Despite a 2 degrees C warmer world, local warming will be significant enough to ensure that future droughts always coincide with at least moderately hot extremes. Precipitation trends, on the other hand, are often weak and ambiguous, depending on factors such as the model, region, and internal climate variability.

NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Smog prediction based on the deep belief - BP neural network model (DBN-BP)

Jiawei Tian, Yan Liu, Wenfeng Zheng, Lirong Yin

Summary: Smog pollution is a significant global problem requiring further research and prediction. This paper proposes a deep learning technology based on a Deep Belief-Back Propagation neural network to predict and prevent smog pollution using air pollution data in Sichuan. The results show that the prediction accuracy is higher with more hidden layers, and PM2.5 can be predicted more accurately than PM10 using this network.

URBAN CLIMATE (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Influences of joint action of natural and social factors on atmospheric process of hydrological cycle in Inner Mongolia, China

Quan Quan, Weijia Liang, Denghua Yan, Jingchun Lei

Summary: This study analyzed the driving factors of the atmospheric hydrological cycle in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region using a geographical detector, revealing the mutual feedback mechanisms between the nature-society coupling system and the atmospheric hydrological cycle. The results demonstrate that Inner Mongolia's atmospheric water resources have high spatial differences and the precipitation conversion efficiency is largely influenced by the natural system.

URBAN CLIMATE (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Will China achieve its 2060 carbon neutral commitment from the provincial perspective?

Li-Li Sun, Hui-Juan Cui, Quan-Sheng Ge

Summary: This study predicts the emission trajectories at the provincial level in China and finds that most provinces can achieve peak emissions before 2030, but achieving carbon neutrality before 2060 is challenging. The provincial neutrality time is concentrated between 2058 and 2070.

ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Vegetation Greening, Extended Growing Seasons, and Temperature Feedbacks in Warming Temperate Grasslands of China

Xiangjin Shen, Binhui Liu, Mark Henderson, Lei Wang, Ming Jiang, Xianguo Lu

Summary: Changes in vegetation activity and phenology have significant impacts on climate, especially in temperate grasslands. The increasing vegetation activity and extended growing seasons in the temperate grasslands of China contribute to regional warming, highlighting the importance of considering these factors in climate models.

JOURNAL OF CLIMATE (2022)

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