Review
Immunology
Emma C. Morris, Sattva S. Neelapu, Theodoros Giavridis, Michel Sadelain
Summary: CAR T cell therapy has revolutionized the field of cancer treatment, but significant toxicities can occur in up to one-third of patients. The most common toxicities include cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome. Understanding their pathophysiology is crucial for developing novel therapeutics for prevention and management.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ed C. Lavelle, Ross W. Ward
Summary: Mucosal vaccines have the potential to prevent infections and protect against disease development by inducing adaptive immunity at mucosal sites. However, most current mucosal vaccines consist of live attenuated and inactivated whole-cell preparations, and there is a need for safe and effective mucosal adjuvants and innovative antigen discovery and delivery strategies to advance these vaccines. Advancements in understanding innate and adaptive mucosal immunity, including mucosal antigen-presenting cells and resident memory cells, provide valuable insights to inform mucosal adjuvant design for pathogens like SARS-CoV-2 and cancer.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Mary Philip, Andrea Schietinger
Summary: The article discusses the dysfunctional states of CD8(+) T cells in tumors and their impact on response and resistance to immunotherapy. The authors emphasize the heterogeneity of T cell states in tumors and the challenge of predicting which patients will respond to immunotherapeutic interventions.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Yue Chen, Zhiwei Xu, Peng Wang, Xiao-Mei Li, Zong-Wen Shuai, Dong-Qing Ye, Hai-Feng Pan
Summary: Autoimmune manifestations have been reported in response to certain COVID-19 vaccines, but it is still unclear whether there is a causal relationship. These reports can help guide the clinical assessment and management of autoimmune manifestations after vaccination.
Article
Immunology
Youchun Wang, Li Zhang, Qianqian Li, Ziteng Liang, Tao Li, Shuo Liu, Qianqian Cui, Jianhui Nie, Qian Wu, Xiaowang Qu, Weijin Huang
Summary: The Omicron variant shows greater potential for immune escape compared to other variants, suggesting a significant impact on immunity from previous infections and vaccines.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Pranita D. Tamma, Samuel L. Aitken, Robert A. Bonomo, Amy J. Mathers, David van Duin, Cornelius J. Clancy
Summary: The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) has provided updated guidance on the treatment of antimicrobial-resistant infections, focusing on treating AmpC-producing Enterobacterales, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections. The guidance is based on clinical experience, expert opinion, and a review of available literature, as published data on optimal treatment options are limited. This document emphasizes treatment approaches for infections in the United States, considering differences in resistance epidemiology and the availability of specific anti-infectives internationally.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Stuart G. Tangye, Waleed Al-Herz, Aziz Bousfiha, Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles, Jose Luis Franco, Steven M. Holland, Christoph Klein, Tomohiro Morio, Eric Oksenhendler, Capucine Picard, Anne Puel, Jennifer Puck, Mikko R. J. Seppanen, Raz Somech, Helen C. Su, Kathleen E. Sullivan, Troy R. Torgerson, Isabelle Meyts
Summary: The International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee has published an updated classification of inborn errors of immunity, which includes 55 novel monogenic gene defects and 1 phenocopy caused by autoantibodies. This update contributes to our understanding of the molecular, cellular, and immunological mechanisms of human immune diseases, and provides a resource for molecular diagnosis of heritable immunological disorders and scientific research on monogenic and related human immune diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Immunology
Pragya D. Yadav, Gajanan N. Sapkal, Priya Abraham, Raches Ella, Gururaj Deshpande, Deepak Y. Patil, Dimpal A. Nyayanit, Nivedita Gupta, Rima R. Sahay, Anita M. Shete, Samiran Panda, Balram Bhargava, V. Krishna Mohan
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Allergy
Bryan Oronsky, Christopher Larson, Terese C. Hammond, Arnold Oronsky, Santosh Kesari, Michelle Lybeck, Tony R. Reid
Summary: Persistent post-COVID syndrome, a pathologic entity, involves persistent physical, medical, and cognitive sequelae following COVID-19. The syndrome includes immunosuppression and organ fibrosis, and its potential long-term effects place a burden on healthcare systems, patients' families, and society.
CLINICAL REVIEWS IN ALLERGY & IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Narendra Kumar, Arpan Acharya, Howard E. Gendelman, Siddappa N. Byrareddy
Summary: Two cases of monkeypox virus infection in individuals returning from Nigeria to the USA have led to a dramatic increase in infection rates. As of June 10, 2022, over 1,500 cases have been reported in 43 countries, including Europe and North America. While monkeypox virus is prevalent in central and western Africa, its presence in developed countries has raised concerns about global spread.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Edit I. Buzas
Summary: This Review provides an updated comprehensive overview of the roles of extracellular vesicles in the immune system, including their involvement in innate and adaptive immunity, inflammation, antigen presentation, and various immune responses. It also highlights the potential use of extracellular vesicles in diagnosis and therapy.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Katherine Kricorian, Rachel Civen, Ozlem Equils
Summary: The study found that people who perceived the COVID-19 vaccine as unsafe were less willing to receive it, had less knowledge about the virus, and were more likely to believe in vaccine myths. These individuals typically had lower education levels, income, and were more rural compared to those who believed the vaccine was safe.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Marc Lipsitch, Florian Krammer, Gili Regev-Yochay, Yaniv Lustig, Ran D. Balicer
Summary: The study evaluates the impact of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in vaccinated individuals and discusses the challenges in measuring breakthrough infections and determining the factors affecting vaccine effectiveness. The research also addresses key questions on transitioning to endemicity, tracking viral variants, identifying immune correlates of protection, and dealing with public health challenges in countering breakthrough infections amid global vaccine shortages.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Matteo Iannacone, Luca G. Guidotti
Summary: HBV is a hepatotropic virus that can cause persistent infection and serious liver diseases. Immune responses, particularly CD8(+) T cells, play a crucial role in viral clearance and liver pathology.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Saverio Marchi, Emma Guilbaud, Stephen W. G. Tait, Takahiro Yamazaki, Lorenzo Galluzzi
Summary: This article discusses the molecular mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction leads to inflammatory reactions, the cellular pathways that regulate them, and the pathological consequences of dysregulated inflammatory responses elicited by mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Louis D. Saravolatz, Shawn Depcinski, Mamta Sharma
Summary: Molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir are two new oral antiviral drugs for outpatient treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19. Both drugs have shown a reduction in death and hospitalization when started within 5 days of symptom onset.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Alexander C. Huang, Roberta Zappasodi
Summary: Enormous progress has been made in the treatment of melanoma using immune checkpoint blockade in the past ten years. This review discusses the current understanding of the melanoma immune microenvironment and explores novel approaches to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapies. It also highlights the negative impact of melanoma metabolic adaptation on anti-tumor immunity and proposes ways to counteract these mechanisms for more effective use of immunotherapy.
Review
Immunology
Catherine C. Hedrick, Ilaria Malanchi
Summary: Neutrophils have emerged as important regulators of cancer, revealing their diverse and plastic contributions in tumor development and growth, influencing positively and negatively depending on time, place, and disease context. Their functional importance in cancer has been overlooked due to their short-lived, terminally differentiated, and non-proliferative characteristics, but recent studies have led to a paradigm shift in understanding their roles.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Maxime Meylan, Florent Petitprez, Etienne Becht, Antoine Bougouein, Guilhem Pupier, Anne Calvez, Ilenia Giglioli, Virginie Verkarre, Guillaume Lacroix, Johanna Verneau, Chen-Ming Sun, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Yann-Alexandre Vano, Reza Elaidi, Arnaud Mejean, Rafael Sanchez-Salas, Eric Barret, Xavier Cathelineau, Stephane Oudard, Claude-Agnes Reynaud, Aurelien de Reynies, Catherine Sautes-Fridman, Wolf Herman Fridman
Summary: The presence of intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) is associated with positive clinical outcomes and responses to immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). B cells are enriched in TLS and demonstrate diverse maturation stages, with the presence of fully mature clonotypes. Additionally, IgG-and IgA-producing plasma cells (PCs) disseminate into the tumor beds along fibroblastic tracks in TLS+ tumors, indicating potential anti-tumor effector activity. Furthermore, the presence of IgG-stained tumor cells correlates with therapeutic responses and progression-free survival in RCC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Article
Immunology
Saathvik R. Kannan, Austin N. Spratt, Kalicharan Sharma, Hitendra S. Chand, Siddappa N. Byrareddy, Kamal Singh
Summary: The Omicron variant of concern (VOC) has a large number of mutations, with 46 high prevalence mutations, which may affect the binding affinities of antibodies to the S protein.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2022)
