Article
Environmental Sciences
Hallie Eakin, Nadine Methner, Gina Ziervogel
Summary: There is a growing need to involve private actors in public adaptation in urban systems. Urban administrators have limited control over urban dynamics, and the actions of private actors have a significant influence. A conceptual framework combining cognitive and behavioral theory, institutional analysis, adaptive capacity, and research on urban adaptation governance is used to understand the potential for private provisioning. The case of Cape Town's response to drought illustrates the complex interactions that shape private actors' willingness to engage in public-oriented adaptation.
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS
(2024)
Article
Geography
Somaye Ghezelbash, Reza Ghezelbash, Mohsen Kalantari
Summary: This study proposes a data-driven method for spatio-temporal analysis of car crashes in Zanjan city, NW Iran. The combination of AHP and TOPSIS is used to identify the spatio-temporal interactions in car crashes, and a data-driven AHP-TOPSIS procedure is arranged based on assigning proper weights to the time series. The study also uses Kernel Density Estimation method for spatial analysis, providing a new scientific strategy for identifying car crash hotspots.
Article
Geography
Robert A. Farnan, Jonathan Ensor, Anushiya Shrestha, Dilli Poudel, Bijay Singh, Pakamas Thinphanga, Khanin Hutanuwatr, Yogendra Subedi, Sobina Lama, Sangeeta Singh, Richard Friend
Summary: In an era of rapid urbanisation, understanding how marginalised groups shape and are shaped by planning has become increasingly urgent. This study focuses on the political capabilities of marginalised groups, specifically their control over their livelihoods and environment. Through an analysis of participatory planning in Nepal and Thailand, the study introduces a post-foundational approach to explore the connection between the political capabilities of informal settlers and conflicts. It reveals the discourses, alliances, and expertise involved in urban development, and highlights the role of technocratic knowledge infrastructures in supporting hegemonic encroachment discourses.
POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Daniele Codato, Francesca Peroni, Massimo De Marchi
Summary: This study examines climate justice in the Ecuadorian Amazon Region (EAR), highlighting the multiple injustices caused by oil extraction activities. Using spatial analysis, the study shows that the EAR has been a major producer of oil since 1972, leading to environmental impacts such as oil spills and pollution. The results emphasize the need to include these territories in climate justice discussions and promote the rights to a non-toxic environment.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Jingli Yan, Wendy Y. Chen, Zixiao Zhang, Wenxing Zhao, Min Liu, Shan Yin
Summary: Vegetation barriers are an effective strategy in urban planning to mitigate traffic-induced air pollution and reduce exposure. This study uses field measurements and numerical modeling to show that constructing vegetation barriers with short bushes can effectively reduce PM2.5 pollution in open-road environments, while higher coverage of tall bushes may worsen the pollution.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Di Chen, Jie Yin, Chia-Pin Yu, Shengjing Sun, Charlotte Gabel, John D. Spengler
Summary: Observational and experimental studies have shown that exposure to greenness is beneficial for long-term health and well-being. However, more evidence is needed regarding the short-term health impacts of nearby nature in urban areas. This study used immersive virtual reality technology to investigate how transitions between built and natural environments affect urban residents. Results showed that transitioning from built to natural environments led to reductions in negative mood and transient anxiety, while transitions from natural to built environments had the opposite effect. Additionally, participants showed more emotional responses to nature through physiological measures. The study also highlighted the influence of contextual factors, such as physical health conditions, stress levels, experience with nature, and growth environments, on stress recovery. Overall, this study provides empirical evidence supporting the promotion of nearby nature in urban built environments.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ting Lian, Becky P. Y. Loo, Zhuangyuan Fan
Summary: This study proposes a new method for estimating pedestrian volume using bus dashcam videos and deep learning methods. The results show that pedestrian volumes calculated from these videos have better performance in explaining crash frequency compared to alternative measures.
COMPUTERS ENVIRONMENT AND URBAN SYSTEMS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Timothy Fraser, Olivia Feeley, Andres Ridge, Ava Cervini, Vincent Rago, Kelly Gilmore, Gianna Worthington, Ilana Berliavsky
Summary: This study examines the inequality of social infrastructure in Boston, finding significant racial and income disparities in access. These disparities have implications for the health and resilience of neighborhoods.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Review
Geography
Shing Ho Luk, Brenda Yeoh
Summary: This review critically examines the evolving role of commercial brokers in international student mobilities, specifically focusing on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Commercial brokers are seen as key intermediaries bridging the gap between state mechanisms and migrating students, while also making significant contributions to economic development through education migration. The review delves into the complex relationships between brokers and students, considering not only economic aspects but also the social, cultural, and interpersonal factors shaping these interactions. Furthermore, it highlights the influence of digital transformation on commercial brokers and emphasizes the need for a reassessment of their roles in an increasingly globalized educational landscape.
Article
Geography
Reward Utete, Sheunesu Zhou
Summary: Rural entrepreneurs play a critical role in the development of rural economy, but the recent COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions to their activities. The lack of comprehensive research on the challenges faced by rural entrepreneurs during and after the pandemic creates an opportunity for this study to explore the specific constraints in the South African context. The findings of this study are valuable for management, policy-making, and the development of adaptation strategies for rural entrepreneurship in order to reduce costs and failure rates.
JOURNAL OF RURAL STUDIES
(2024)
Article
Geography
Danny Marks, John Connell
Summary: Thailand's road safety issues stem from the poor design of the road system, lack of enforcement of traffic regulations, and inadequate driving education. These problems highlight the weak governance and lack of cooperation among agencies in Thailand.
POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Congxiao Wang, Zuoqi Chen, Bailang Yu, Bin Wu, Ye Wei, Yuan Yuan, Shaoyang Liu, Yue Tu, Yangguang Li, Jianping Wu
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant changes in urban networks. By modifying the radiation model and using nighttime light data, researchers were able to measure directional urban networks during different scenarios. Results showed that the Shanghai lockdown reduced urban interactions between Shanghai and its surrounding cities while increasing interactions centered on peripheral cities in the Yangtze River Delta Region.
COMPUTERS ENVIRONMENT AND URBAN SYSTEMS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Joao Paulo Just Peixoto, Joao Carlos N. Bittencourt, Thiago C. Jesus, Daniel G. Costa, Paulo Portugal, Francisco Vasques
Summary: This article explores the use of multi-sensor Emergency Detection Units (EDUs) to improve urban emergency response. By leveraging data-driven approaches and geospatial data, the positioning of these units can be optimized. Additionally, the coverage area of existing networks is modeled, and the EDUs are fine-tuned based on connectivity requirements to enhance the effectiveness of emergency management systems.
COMPUTERS ENVIRONMENT AND URBAN SYSTEMS
(2024)
Article
Geography
Alexander M. Barrett, Jack Wright, Elena Favaro, Peter Fawdon, Matthew R. Balme, Mark J. Woods, Spyros Karachalios, Eleni Bohachek, Elliot Sefton-Nash, Luc Joudrier
Summary: This study presents a DL-based map classification system for the landing site on Mars. By training a DL network with the developed hierarchical scheme, the system achieved high agreement with manually mapped areas. The resulting map is presented in both descriptive classes and interpretive groups, allowing for intuitive analysis by human users.
Article
Geography
Marco Cardinale, David A. A. Vaz, Piero D'Incecco, Nicola Mari, Justin Filiberto, Gabriel L. L. Eggers, Gaetano Di Achille
Summary: Orbital data from the MESSENGER spacecraft reveals that a considerable portion of Mercury's northern hemisphere is covered by smooth plains, which are believed to be volcanic or impact melt material. Through a twofold process involving automatic mapping and visual inspection, a structural map of the northern smooth plains was created, detailing the various morphostructures including wrinkle ridges, ghost crater assemblages, and scarps related to impact crater processes. The mapping effort resulted in the identification and characterization of over fifty thousand scarps, each with their own morphometric attributes, providing valuable data for further geostatistical studies of smooth plains tectonics.
Article
Geography
Levan G. Tielidze, Joanna Charton, Vincent Jomelli, Olga N. Solomina
Summary: This study presents the first detailed glacial geomorphological mapping of the Notsarula and Chanchakhi river valleys in the Georgian Caucasus, providing valuable information for paleoglaciological reconstructions. The mapped landforms indicate multiple readvance or stillstands of valley glaciers, particularly in the Bubistskali River gorge.
Article
Geography
Jan Nyssen, Biadgilgn Demissie
Summary: According to a meta-analysis of historical maps, the geographical configuration of northwest Ethiopia has undergone significant changes over the past four centuries. The control of territory and language boundaries are depicted on the historical maps. The research reveals the historical control of Western Tigray and its surrounding districts, as well as the variation in territorial organization. The current regional organization in Ethiopia is based on ethnolinguistic demographics rather than historical dominance.
Article
Geography
E. Zelenin, A. Gurinov, S. Garipova, A. Zakharov
Summary: In this study, a geomorphological map of the Central Kamchatka Depression is provided, which is the largest sedimentary basin in Kamchatka and the North Pacific island arcs. This map serves as a guide for further geomorphological and paleogeographical investigations.
Article
Geography
Benjamin M. Boyes, Danni M. Pearce
Summary: This paper presents a new large-scale glacial geomorphological map of the Younger Dryas-early Holocene ice marginal zone in northwest Arctic Russia. The map, created using high-resolution ice sheet-scale geomorphological data in a GIS, will contribute to the understanding of ice sheet dynamics in the region and provide valuable constraints for numerical ice sheet models.
Article
Geography
Laura Alfonsi, Carlo Alberto Brunori, Luigi Cucci
Summary: This study examines the marine terraces of the southern side of the Sibari Plain in Northern Calabria, Italy using traditional and quantitative analyses of the Digital Terrain Model (DTM). The main objective is to utilize GIS tools that have not been previously used in the area and evaluate their applicability. By comparing manually identified terraced surfaces with those identified using GIS tools, a consensus map was created that includes 272 terraced surfaces and 62 morphological features associated with paleoshorelines. The final map depicts a well-developed flight of seven orders of marine terraces with elevations ranging from 45 to 360 meters above sea level and ages ranging from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5a to 11.
