Astronomy & Astrophysics

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Gaia Data Release 3 Summary of the content and survey properties

A. Vallenari, A. G. A. Brown, T. Prusti, J. H. J. de Bruijne, F. Arenou, C. Babusiaux, M. Biermann, O. L. Creevey, C. Ducourant, D. W. Evans, L. Eyer, R. Guerra, A. Hutton, C. Jordi, S. A. Klioner, U. L. Lammers, L. Lindegren, X. Luri, F. Mignard, C. Panem, D. Pourbaix, S. Randich, P. Sartoretti, C. Soubiran, P. Tanga, N. A. Walton, C. A. L. Bailer-Jones, U. Bastian, R. Drimmel, F. Jansen, D. Katz, M. G. Lattanzi, F. vanLeeuwen, J. Bakker, C. Cacciari, J. Castaneda, F. De Angeli, C. Fabricius, M. Fouesneau, Y. Fremat, L. Galluccio, A. Guerrier, U. Heiter, E. Masana, R. Messineo, N. Mowlavi, C. Nicolas, K. Nienartowicz, F. Pailler, P. Panuzzo, F. Riclet, W. Roux, G. M. Seabroke, R. Sordo, F. Thevenin, G. Gracia-Abril, J. Portell, D. Teyssier, M. Altmann, R. Andrae, M. Audard, I. Bellas-Velidis, K. Benson, J. Berthier, R. Blomme, P. W. Burgess, D. Busonero, G. Busso, H. Canovas, B. Carry, A. Cellino, N. Cheek, G. Clementini, Y. Damerdji, M. Davidson, P. Deteodoro, M. Nunez Campos, L. Delchambre, A. Dell'Oro, P. Esquej, J. Fernandez-Hernandez, E. Fraile, D. Garabato, P. Garcia-Lario, E. Gosset, R. Haigron, J. -L. Halbwachs, N. C. Hambly, D. L. Harrison, J. Hernandez, D. Hestroffer, S. T. Hodgkin, B. Holl, K. Janssen, G. Jevardat deFombelle, S. Jordan, A. Krone-Martins, A. C. Lanzafame, W. Loeffler, O. Marchal, P. M. Marrese, A. Moitinho, K. Muinonen, P. Osborne, E. Pancino, T. Pauwels, A. Recio-Blanco, C. Reyle, M. Riello, L. Rimoldini, T. Roegiers, J. Rybizki, L. M. Sarro, C. Siopis, M. Smith, A. Sozzetti, E. Utrilla, M. vanLeeuwen, U. Abbas, P. Abraham, A. Abreu Aramburu, C. Aerts, J. J. Aguado, M. Ajaj, F. Aldea-Montero, G. Altavilla, M. A. Alvarez, J. Alves, F. Anders, R. I. Anderson, E. Anglada Varela, T. Antoja, D. Baines, S. G. Baker, L. Balaguer-Nunez, E. Balbinot, Z. Balog, C. Barache, D. Barbato, M. Barros, M. A. Barstow, S. Bartolome, J. -L. Bassilana, N. Bauchet, U. Becciani, M. Bellazzini, A. Berihuete, M. Bernet, S. Bertone, L. Bianchi, A. Binnenfeld, S. Blanco-Cuaresma, A. Blazere, T. Boch, A. Bombrun, D. Bossini, S. Bouquillon, A. Bragaglia, L. Bramante, E. Breedt, A. Bressan, N. Brouillet, E. Brugaletta, B. Bucciarelli, A. Burlacu, A. G. Butkevich, R. Buzzi, E. Caffau, R. Cancelliere, T. Cantat-Gaudin, R. Carballo, T. Carlucci, M. I. Carnerero, J. M. Carrasco, L. Casamiquela, M. Castellani, A. Castro-Ginard, L. Chaoul, P. Charlot, L. Chemin, V. Chiaramida, A. Chiavassa, N. Chornay, G. Comoretto, G. Contursi, W. J. Cooper, T. Cornez, S. Cowell, F. Crifo, M. Cropper, M. Crosta, C. Crowley, C. Dafonte, A. Dapergolas, M. David, P. David, P. deLaverny, F. DeLuise, R. DeMarch, J. DeRidder, R. deSouza, A. deTorres, E. F. del Peloso, E. delPozo, M. Delbo, A. Delgado, J. -B. Delisle, C. Demouchy, T. E. Dharmawardena, P. Di Matteo, S. Diakite, C. Diener, E. Distefano, C. Dolding, B. Edvardsson, H. Enke, C. Fabre, M. Fabrizio, S. Faigler, G. Fedorets, P. Fernique, A. Fienga, F. Figueras, Y. Fournier, C. Fouron, F. Fragkoudi, M. Gai, A. Garcia-Gutierrez, M. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. Garcia-Torres, A. Garofalo, A. Gavel, P. Gavras, E. Gerlach, R. Geyer, P. Giacobbe, G. Gilmore, S. Girona, G. Giu Ff Rida, R. Gomel, A. Gomez, J. Gonzalez-Nunez, I. Gonzalez-Santamaria, J. J. Gonzalez-Vidal, M. Granvik, P. Guillout, J. Guiraud, R. Gutierrez-Sanchez, L. P. Guy, D. Hatzidimitriou, M. Hauser, M. Haywood, A. Helmer, A. Helmi, M. H. Sarmiento, S. L. Hidalgo, T. Hilger, N. Hladczuk, D. Hobbs, G. Holland, H. E. Huckle, K. Jardine, G. Jasniewicz, A. Jean-Antoine Piccolo, O. Jimenez-Arranz, A. Jorissen, J. Juaristi Campillo, F. Julbe, L. Karbevska, P. Kervella, S. Khanna, M. Kontizas, G. Kordopatis, A. J. Korn, A. Kospal, Z. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, K. Kruszynska, M. Kun, P. Laizeau, S. Lambert, A. F. Lanza, Y. Lasne, J. -F. LeCampion, Y. Lebreton, T. Lebzelter, S. Leccia, N. Leclerc, I. Lecoeur-Taibi, S. Liao, E. L. Licata, H. E. P. Lindstrom, T. A. Lister, E. Livanou, A. Lobel, A. Lorca, C. Loup, P. MadreroPardo, A. MagdalenoRomeo, S. Managau, R. G. Mann, M. Manteiga, J. M. Marchant, M. Marconi, J. Marcos, M. M. S. MarcosSantos, D. MarinPina, S. Marinoni, F. Marocco, D. J. Marshall, L. Martin Polo, J. M. Martin-Fleitas, G. Marton, N. Mary, A. Masip, D. Massari, A. Mastrobuono-Battisti, T. Mazeh, P. J. McMillan, S. Messina, D. Michalik, N. R. Millar, A. Mints, D. Molina, R. Molinaro, L. Molnar, G. Monari, M. Monguio, P. Montegriffo, A. Montero, R. Mor, A. Mora, R. Morbidelli, T. Morel, D. Morris, T. Muraveva, C. P. Murphy, I. Musella, Z. Nagy, L. Noval, F. Ocana, A. Ogden, C. Ordenovic, J. O. Osinde, C. Pagani, I. Pagano, L. Palaversa, P. A. Palicio, L. Pallas-Quintela, A. Panahi, S. Payne-Wardenaar, X. Penalosa Esteller, A. Penttila, B. Pichon, A. M. Piersimoni, F. -X. Pineau, E. Plachy, G. Plum, E. Poggio, A. Prsa, L. Pulone, E. Racero, S. Ragaini, M. Rainer, C. M. Raiteri, N. Rambaux, P. Ramos, M. Ramos-Lerate, P. ReFiorentin, S. Regibo, P. J. Richards, C. Rios Diaz, V. Ripepi, A. Riva, H. -W. Rix, G. Rixon, N. Robichon, A. C. Robin, C. Robin, M. Roelens, H. R. O. Rogues, L. Rohrbasser, M. Romero-Gomez, N. Rowell, F. Royer, D. Ruz Mieres, K. A. Rybicki, G. Sadowski, A. Saez Nunez, A. Sagrista Selles, J. Sahlmann, E. Salguero, N. Samaras, V. Sanchez Gimenez, N. Sanna, R. Santovena, M. Sarasso, M. Schultheis, E. Sciacca, M. Segol, J. C. Segovia, D. Segransan, D. Semeux, S. Shahaf, H. I. Siddiqui, A. Siebert, L. Siltala, A. Silvelo, E. Slezak, I. Slezak, R. L. Smart, O. N. Snaith, E. Solano, F. Solitro, D. Souami, J. Souchay, A. Spagna, L. Spina, F. Spoto, I. A. Steele, H. Steidelmueller, C. A. Stephenson, M. Suveges, J. Surdej, L. Szabados, E. Szegedi-Elek, F. Taris, M. B. Taylor, R. Teixeira, L. Tolomei, N. Tonello, F. Torra, J. Torra, G. Torralba Elipe, M. Trabucchi, A. T. Tsounis, C. Turon, A. Ulla, N. Unger, M. V. Vaillant, E. van Dillen, W. van Reeven, O. Vanel, A. Vecchiato, Y. Viala, D. Vicente, S. Voutsinas, M. Weiler, T. Wevers, L. Wyrzykowski, A. Yoldas, P. Yvard, H. Zhao, J. Zorec, S. Zucker, T. Zwitter

Summary: The third data release of the Gaia mission includes a wide range of new data products, such as an expanded radial velocity survey and extensive astrophysical characterisation. This release provides unprecedented quantity, quality, and variety of source astrophysical data, including spectrophotometry, radial velocities, variables, and astrophysical parameters. It will greatly enhance the potential of Gaia's astrometric, photometric, and radial velocity surveys.

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS (2023)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

The Astropy Project: Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package*

Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Pey Lian Lim, Nicholas Earl, Nathaniel Starkman, Larry Bradley, David L. Shupe, Aarya A. Patil, Lia Corrales, C. E. Brasseur, Maximilian Noethe, Axel Donath, Erik Tollerud, Brett M. Morris, Adam Ginsburg, Eero Vaher, Benjamin A. Weaver, James Tocknell, William Jamieson, Marten H. van Kerkwijk, Thomas P. Robitaille, Bruce Merry, Matteo Bachetti, H. Moritz Gunther, Thomas L. Aldcroft, Jaime A. Alvarado-Montes, Anne M. Archibald, Attila Bodi, Shreyas Bapat, Geert Barentsen, Juanjo Bazan, Manish Biswas, Mederic Boquien, D. J. Burke, Daria Cara, Mihai Cara, Kyle E. Conroy, Simon Conseil, Matthew W. Craig, Robert M. Cross, Kelle L. Cruz, Francesco D'Eugenio, Nadia Dencheva, Hadrien A. R. Devillepoix, Jorg P. Dietrich, Arthur Davis Eigenbrot, Thomas Erben, Leonardo Ferreira, Daniel Foreman-Mackey, Ryan Fox, Nabil Freij, Suyog Garg, Robel Geda, Lauren Glattly, Yash Gondhalekar, Karl D. Gordon, David Grant, Perry Greenfield, Austen M. Groener, Steve Guest, Sebastian Gurovich, Rasmus Handberg, Akeem Hart, Zac Hatfield-Dodds, Derek Homeier, Griffin Hosseinzadeh, Tim Jenness, Craig K. Jones, Prajwel Joseph, J. Bryce Kalmbach, Emir Karamehmetoglu, Mikolaj Kaluszynski, Michael S. P. Kelley, Nicholas Kern, Wolfgang E. Kerzendorf, Eric W. Koch, Shankar Kulumani, Antony Lee, Chun Ly, Zhiyuan Ma, Conor MacBride, Jakob M. Maljaars, Demitri Muna, N. A. Murphy, Henrik Norman, Richard O'Steen, Kyle A. Oman, Camilla Pacifici, Sergio Pascual, J. Pascual-Granado, Rohit R. Patil, Gabriel Perren, Timothy E. Pickering, Tanuj Rastogi, Benjamin R. Roulston, Daniel F. Ryan, Eli S. Rykoff, Jose Sabater, Parikshit Sakurikar, Jesus Salgado, Aniket Sanghi, Nicholas Saunders, Volodymyr Savchenko, Ludwig Schwardt, Michael Seifert-Eckert, Albert Y. Shih, Anany Shrey Jain, Gyanendra Shukla, Jonathan Sick, Chris Simpson, Sudheesh Singanamalla, Leo P. Singer, Jaladh Singhal, Manodeep Sinha, Brigitta M. Sipocz, Lee R. Spitler, David Stansby, Ole Streicher, Jani Sumak, John D. Swinbank, Dan S. Taranu, Nikita Tewary, Grant R. Tremblay, Miguel De Val-Borro, Zlatan Vasovic, Samuel J. Van Kooten, Shresth Verma, Jose Vinicius de Miranda Cardoso, Peter K. G. Williams, Tom J. Wilson, Benjamin Winkel, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Rui Xue, Peter Yoachim, Chen Zhang, Andrea Zonca

Summary: The Astropy Project is an open-source Python package that provides commonly needed functionality to the astronomical community. Its core package, astropy, serves as the foundation for specialized projects and packages. This article summarizes the key features of the core package and provides updates on the project. It also discusses the connections with astronomical observatories and missions, and the future outlook and challenges of the Astropy Project.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

A Comprehensive Measurement of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant with 1 km s-1 Mpc-1 Uncertainty from the Hubble Space Telescope and the SH0ES Team

Adam G. Riess, Wenlong Yuan, Lucas M. Macri, Dan Scolnic, Dillon Brout, Stefano Casertano, David O. Jones, Yukei Murakami, Gagandeep S. Anand, Louise Breuval, Thomas G. Brink, Alexei V. Filippenko, Samantha Hoffmann, Saurabh W. Jha, W. D'arcy Kenworthy, John Mackenty, Benjamin E. Stahl, WeiKang Zheng

Summary: This study reports observations of Cepheid variables in the host galaxies of 42 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to calibrate the Hubble constant (H (0)). The observations were collected over four decades and significantly improved the precision of the direct determination of H (0). The study presented multiple verifications of Cepheid photometry and explored different analysis variants to assess the sensitivity of H (0) determination. The baseline result for H (0) was found to be 73.04 +/- 1.04 km s(-1) Mpc(-1).

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way

Kazunori Akiyama, Antxon Alberdi, Walter Alef, Juan Carlos Algaba, Richard Anantua, Keiichi Asada, Rebecca Azulay, Uwe Bach, Anne-Kathrin Baczko, David Ball, Mislav Balokovic, John Barrett, Michi Baubock, Bradford A. Benson, Dan Bintley, Lindy Blackburn, Raymond Blundell, Katherine L. Bouman, Geoffrey C. Bower, Hope Boyce, Michael Bremer, Christiaan D. Brinkerink, Roger Brissenden, Silke Britzen, Avery E. Broderick, Dominique Broguiere, Thomas Bronzwaer, Sandra Bustamante, Do-Young Byun, John E. Carlstrom, Chiara Ceccobello, Andrew Chael, Chi-kwan Chan, Koushik Chatterjee, Shami Chatterjee, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Chen, Xiaopeng Cheng, Ilje Cho, Pierre Christian, Nicholas S. Conroy, John E. Conway, James M. Cordes, Thomas M. Crawford, Geoffrey B. Crew, Alejandro Cruz-Osorio, Yuzhu Cui, Jordy Davelaar, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Roger Deane, Jessica Dempsey, Gregory Desvignes, Jason Dexter, Vedant Dhruv, Sheperd S. Doeleman, Sean Dougal, Sergio A. Dzib, Ralph P. Eatough, Razieh Emami, Heino Falcke, Joseph Farah, Vincent L. Fish, Ed Fomalont, H. Alyson Ford, Raquel Fraga-Encinas, William T. Freeman, Per Friberg, Christian M. Fromm, Antonio Fuentes, Peter Galison, Charles F. Gammie, Roberto Garcia, Olivier Gentaz, Boris Georgiev, Ciriaco Goddi, Roman Gold, Arturo Gomez-Ruiz, Jose L. Gomez, Minfeng Gu, Mark Gurwell, Kazuhiro Hada, Daryl Haggard, Kari Haworth, Michael H. Hecht, Ronald Hesper, Dirk Heumann, Luis C. Ho, Paul Ho, Mareki Honma, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Huang, David H. Hughes, Shiro Ikeda, C. M. Violette Impellizzeri, Makoto Inoue, Sara Issaoun, David J. James, Buell T. Jannuzi, Michael Janssen, Britton Jeter, Wu Jiang, Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales, Michael D. Johnson, Svetlana Jorstad, Abhishek Joshi, Taehyun Jung, Mansour Karami, Ramesh Karuppusamy, Tomohisa Kawashima, Garrett K. Keating, Mark Kettenis, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kim, Motoki Kino, Jun Yi Koay, Prashant Kocherlakota, Yutaro Kofuji, Patrick M. Koch, Shoko Koyama, Carsten Kramer, Michael Kramer, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Noemi La Bella, Tod R. Lauer, Daeyoung Lee, Sang-Sung Lee, Po Kin Leung, Aviad Levis, Zhiyuan Li, Rocco Lico, Greg Lindahl, Michael Lindqvist, Mikhail Lisakov, Jun Liu, Kuo Liu, Elisabetta Liuzzo, Wen-Ping Lo, Andrei P. Lobanov, Laurent Loinard, Colin J. Lonsdale, Ru-Sen Lu, Jirong Mao, Nicola Marchili, Sera Markoff, Daniel P. Marrone, Alan P. Marscher, Ivan Marti-Vidal, Satoki Matsushita, Lynn D. Matthews, Lia Medeiros, Karl M. Menten, Daniel Michalik, Izumi Mizuno, Yosuke Mizuno, James M. Moran, Kotaro Moriyama, Monika Moscibrodzka, Cornelia Muller, Alejandro Mus, Gibwa Musoke, Ioannis Myserlis, Andrew Nadolski, Hiroshi Nagai, Neil M. Nagar, Masanori Nakamura, Ramesh Narayan, Gopal Narayanan, Iniyan Natarajan, Antonios Nathanail, Santiago Navarro Fuentes, Joey Neilsen, Roberto Neri, Chunchong Ni, Aristeidis Noutsos, Michael A. Nowak, Junghwan Oh, Hiroki Okino, Hector Olivares, Gisela N. Ortiz-Leon, Tomoaki Oyama, Daniel C. M. Palumbo, Georgios Filippos Paraschos, Jongho Park, Harriet Parsons, Nimesh Patel, Ue-Li Pen, Dominic W. Pesce, Vincent Pietu, Richard Plambeck, Aleksandar PopStefanija, Oliver Porth, Felix M. Potzl, Ben Prather, Jorge A. Preciado-Lopez, Hung-Yi Pu, Venkatessh Ramakrishnan, Ramprasad Rao, Mark G. Rawlings, Alexander W. Raymond, Luciano Rezzolla, Angelo Ricarte, Bart Ripperda, Freek Roelofs, Alan Rogers, Eduardo Ros, Cristina Romero-Canizales, Arash Roshanineshat, Helge Rottmann, Alan L. Roy, Ignacio Ruiz, Chet Ruszczyk, Kazi L. J. Rygl, Salvador Sanchez, David Sanchez-Arguelles, Miguel Sanchez-Portal, Mahito Sasada, Kaushik Satapathy, Tuomas Savolainen, F. Peter Schloerb, Jonathan Schonfeld, Karl-Friedrich Schuster, Lijing Shao, Zhiqiang Shen, Des Small, Bong Won Sohn, Jason SooHoo, Kamal Souccar, He Sun, Fumie Tazaki, Alexandra J. Tetarenko, Paul Tiede, Remo P. J. Tilanus, Michael Titus, Pablo Torne, Efthalia Traianou, Tyler Trent, Sascha Trippe, Matthew Turk, Ilse van Bemmel, Huib Jan van Langevelde, Daniel R. van Rossum, Jesse Vos, Jan Wagner, Derek Ward-Thompson, John Wardle, Jonathan Weintroub, Norbert Wex, Robert Wharton, Maciek Wielgus, Kaj Wiik, Gunther Witzel, Michael F. Wondrak, George N. Wong, Qingwen Wu, Paul Yamaguchi, Doosoo Yoon, Andre Young, Ken Young, Ziri Younsi, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Yuan, J. Anton Zensus, Shuo Zhang, Guang-Yao Zhao, Shan-Shan Zhao, Feryal Ozel, Claudio Agurto, Alexander Allardi, Rodrigo Amestica, Juan Pablo Araneda, Oriel Arriagada, Jennie L. Berghuis, Alessandra Bertarini, Ryan Berthold, Jay Blanchard, Ken Brown, Mauricio Cardenas, Michael Cantzler, Patricio Caro, Edgar Castillo-Dominguez, Tin Lok Chan, Chih-Cheng Chang, Dominic O. Chang, Shu-Hao Chang, Song-Chu Chang, Chung-Chen Chen, Ryan Chilson, Tim C. Chuter, Miroslaw Ciechanowicz, Edgar Colin-Beltran, Iain M. Coulson, Joseph Crowley, Nathalie Degenaar, Sven Dornbusch, Carlos A. Duran, Wendeline B. Everett, Aaron Faber, Karl Forster, Miriam M. Fuchs, David M. Gale, Gertie Geertsema, Edouard Gonzalez, Dave Graham, Frederic Gueth, Nils W. Halverson, Chih-Chiang Han, Kuo-Chang Han, Yutaka Hasegawa, Jose Luis Hernandez-Rebollar, Cristian Herrera, Ruben Herrero-Illana, Stefan Heyminck, Akihiko Hirota, James Hoge, Shelbi R. Hostler Schimpf, Ryan E. Howie, Yau-De Huang, Homin Jiang, Hao Jinchi, David John, Kimihiro Kimura, Thomas Klein, Derek Kubo, John Kuroda, Caleb Kwon, Richard Lacasse, Robert Laing, Erik M. Leitch, Chao-Te Li, Ching-Tang Liu, Kuan-Yu Liu, Lupin C-C Lin, Li-Ming Lu, Felipe Mac-Auliffe, Pierre Martin-Cocher, Callie Matulonis, John K. Maute, Hugo Messias, Zheng Meyer-Zhao, Alfredo Montana, Francisco Montenegro-Montes, William Montgomerie, Marcos Emir Moreno Nolasco, Dirk Muders, Hiroaki Nishioka, Timothy J. Norton, George Nystrom, Hideo Ogawa, Rodrigo Olivares, Peter Oshiro, Juan Pablo Perez-Beaupuits, Rodrigo Parra, Neil M. Phillips, Michael Poirier, Nicolas Pradel, Richard Qiu, Philippe A. Raffin, Alexandra S. Rahlin, Jorge Ramirez, Sean Ressler, Mark Reynolds, Ivan Rodriguez-Montoya, Alejandro F. Saez-Madain, Jorge Santana, Paul Shaw, Leslie E. Shirkey, Kevin M. Silva, William Snow, Don Sousa, T. K. Sridharan, William Stahm, Anthony A. Stark, John Test, Karl Torstensson, Paulina Venegas, Craig Walther, Ta-Shun Wei, Chris White, Gundolf Wieching, Rudy Wijnands, Jan G. A. Wouterloot, Chen-Yu Yu, Wei Yu, Milagros Zeballos

Summary: This study presents the first observations of Sagittarius A* using the Event Horizon Telescope. The data supports the presence of a supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, with an image that is consistent with the expected appearance of a Kerr black hole. The results also connect dynamical measurements of stellar orbits to event-horizon-scale images.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar, and APOGEE-2 Data

Abdurro'uf, Katherine Accetta, Conny Aerts, Victor Silva Aguirre, Romina Ahumada, Nikhil Ajgaonkar, N. Filiz Ak, Shadab Alam, Carlos Allende Prieto, Andres Almeida, Friedrich Anders, Scott F. Anderson, Brett H. Andrews, Borja Anguiano, Erik Aquino-Ortiz, Alfonso Aragon-Salamanca, Maria Argudo-Fernandez, Metin Ata, Marie Aubert, Vladimir Avila-Reese, Carles Badenes, Rodolfo H. Barba, Kat Barger, Jorge K. Barrera-Ballesteros, Rachael L. Beaton, Timothy C. Beers, Francesco Belfiore, Chad F. Bender, Mariangela Bernardi, Matthew A. Bershady, Florian Beutler, Christian Moni Bidin, Jonathan C. Bird, Dmitry Bizyaev, Guillermo A. Blanc, Michael R. Blanton, Nicholas Fraser Boardman, Adam S. Bolton, Mederic Boquien, Jura Borissova, Jo Bovy, W. N. Brandt, Jordan Brown, Joel R. Brownstein, Marcella Brusa, Johannes Buchner, Kevin Bundy, Joseph N. Burchett, Martin Bureau, Adam Burgasser, Tuesday K. Cabang, Stephanie Campbell, Michele Cappellari, Joleen K. Carlberg, Fabio Carneiro Wanderley, Ricardo Carrera, Jennifer Cash, Yan-Ping Chen, Wei-Huai Chen, Brian Cherinka, Cristina Chiappini, Peter Doohyun Choi, S. Drew Chojnowski, Haeun Chung, Nicolas Clerc, Roger E. Cohen, Julia M. Comerford, Johan Comparat, Luiz da Costa, Kevin Covey, Jeffrey D. Crane, Irene Cruz-Gonzalez, Connor Culhane, Katia Cunha, Y. Sophia Dai, Guillermo Damke, Jeremy Darling, James W. Davidson, Roger Davies, Kyle Dawson, Nathan De Lee, Aleksandar M. Diamond-Stanic, Mariana Cano-Diaz, Helena Dominguez Sanchez, John Donor, Chris Duckworth, Tom Dwelly, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Yvonne P. Elsworth, Eric Emsellem, Mike Eracleous, Stephanie Escoffier, Xiaohui Fan, Emily Farr, Shuai Feng, Jose G. Fernandez-Trincado, Diane Feuillet, Andreas Filipp, Sean P. Fillingham, Peter M. Frinchaboy, Sebastien Fromenteau, Lluis Galbany, Rafael A. Garcia, D. A. Garcia-Hernandez, Junqiang Ge, Doug Geisler, Joseph Gelfand, Tobias Geron, Benjamin J. Gibson, Julian Goddy, Diego Godoy-Rivera, Kathleen Grabowski, Paul J. Green, Michael Greener, Catherine J. Grier, Emily Griffith, Hong Guo, Julien Guy, Massinissa Hadjara, Paul Harding, Sten Hasselquist, Christian R. Hayes, Fred Hearty, Lewis Hill, David W. Hogg, Jon A. Holtzman, Danny Horta, Bau-Ching Hsieh, Chin-Hao Hsu, Yun-Hsin Hsu, Daniel Huber, Marc Huertas-Company, Brian Hutchinson, Ho Seong Hwang, Hector J. Ibarra-Medel, Jacob Ider Chitham, Gabriele S. Ilha, Julie Imig, Will Jaekle, Tharindu Jayasinghe, Xihan Ji, Jennifer A. Johnson, Amy Jones, Henrik Jonsson, Ivan Katkov, Arman Khalatyan, Karen Kinemuchi, Shobhit Kisku, Johan H. Knapen, Jean-Paul Kneib, Juna A. Kollmeier, Miranda Kong, Marina Kounkel, Kathryn Kreckel, Dhanesh Krishnarao, Ivan Lacerna, Richard R. Lane, Rachel Langgin, Ramon Lavender, David R. Law, Daniel Lazarz, Henry W. Leung, Ho-Hin Leung, Hannah M. Lewis, Cheng Li, Ran Li, Jianhui Lian, Fu-Heng Liang, Lihwai Lin, Yen-Ting Lin, Sicheng Lin, Chris Lintott, Dan Long, Penelope Longa-Pena, Carlos Lopez-Coba, Shengdong Lu, Britt F. Lundgren, Yuanze Luo, J. Ted Mackereth, Axel de la Macorra, Suvrath Mahadevan, Steven R. Majewski, Arturo Manchado, Travis Mandeville, Claudia Maraston, Berta Margalef-Bentabol, Thomas Masseron, Karen L. Masters, Savita Mathur, Richard M. McDermid, Myles Mckay, Andrea Merloni, Michael Merrifield, Szabolcs Meszaros, Andrea Miglio, Francesco Di Mille, Dante Minniti, Rebecca Minsley, Antonela Monachesi, Jeongin Moon, Benoit Mosser, John Mulchaey, Demitri Muna, Ricardo R. Munoz, Adam D. Myers, Natalie Myers, Seshadri Nadathur, Preethi Nair, Kirpal Nandra, Justus Neumann, Jeffrey A. Newman, David L. Nidever, Farnik Nikakhtar, Christian Nitschelm, Julia E. O'Connell, Luis Garma-Oehmichen, Gabriel Luan Souza de Oliveira, Richard Olney, Daniel Oravetz, Mario Ortigoza-Urdaneta, Yeisson Osorio, Justin Otter, Zachary J. Pace, Nelson Padilla, Kaike Pan, Hsi-An Pan, Taniya Parikh, James Parker, Sebastien Peirani, Karla Pena Ramirez, Samantha Penny, Will J. Percival, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Marc Pinsonneault, Frederick Poidevin, Vijith Jacob Poovelil, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Anna Barbara de Andrade Queiroz, M. Jordan Raddick, Amy Ray, Sandro Barboza Rembold, Nicole Riddle, Rogemar A. Riffel, Rogerio Riffel, Hans-Walter Rix, Annie C. Robin, Aldo Rodriguez-Puebla, Alexandre Roman-Lopes, Carlos Roman-Zuniga, Benjamin Rose, Ashley J. Ross, Graziano Rossi, Kate H. R. Rubin, Mara Salvato, Sebastian F. Sanchez, Jose R. Sanchez-Gallego, Robyn Sanderson, Felipe Antonio Santana Rojas, Edgar Sarceno, Regina Sarmiento, Conor Sayres, Elizaveta Sazonova, Adam L. Schaefer, Ricardo Schiavon, David J. Schlegel, Donald P. Schneider, Mathias Schultheis, Axel Schwope, Aldo Serenelli, Javier Serna, Zhengyi Shao, Griffin Shapiro, Anubhav Sharma, Yue Shen, Matthew Shetrone, Yiping Shu, Joshua D. Simon, M. F. Skrutskie, Rebecca Smethurst, Verne Smith, Jennifer Sobeck, Taylor Spoo, Dani Sprague, David Stark, Keivan G. Stassun, Matthias Steinmetz, Dennis Stello, Alexander Stone-Martinez, Thaisa Storchi-Bergmann, Guy S. Stringfellow, Amelia Stutz, Yung-Chau Su, Manuchehr Taghizadeh-Popp, Michael S. Talbot, Jamie Tayar, Eduardo Telles, Johanna Teske, Ani Thakar, Christopher Theissen, Andrew Tkachenko, Daniel Thomas, Rita Tojeiro, Hector Hernandez Toledo, Nicholas W. Troup, Jonathan R. Trump, James Trussler, Jacqueline Turner, Sarah Tuttle, Eduardo Unda-Sanzana, Jose Antonio Vazquez-Mata, Marica Valentini, Octavio Valenzuela, Jaime Vargas-Gonzalez, Mariana Vargas-Magana, Pablo Vera Alfaro, Sandro Villanova, Fiorenzo Vincenzo, David Wake, Jack T. Warfield, Jessica Diane Washington, Benjamin Alan Weaver, Anne-Marie Weijmans, David H. Weinberg, Achim Weiss, Kyle B. Westfall, Vivienne Wild, Matthew C. Wilde, John C. Wilson, Robert F. Wilson, Mikayla Wilson, Julien Wolf, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Renbin Yan, Olga Zamora, Gail Zasowski, Kai Zhang, Cheng Zhao, Zheng Zheng, Zheng Zheng, Kai Zhu

Summary: This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS). It includes the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, the MaNGA Stellar Library, and the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 survey. In addition, it presents 25 new or updated value-added catalogs. This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data and mentions the ongoing observations for the next phase.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. Testing the Black Hole Metric

Kazunori Akiyama, Antxon Alberdi, Walter Alef, Juan Carlos Algaba, Richard Anantua, Keiichi Asada, Rebecca Azulay, Uwe Bach, Anne-Kathrin Baczko, David Ball, Mislav Balokovic, John Barrett, Michi Baubock, Bradford A. Benson, Dan Bintley, Lindy Blackburn, Raymond Blundell, Katherine L. Bouman, Geoffrey C. Bower, Hope Boyce, Michael Bremer, Christiaan D. Brinkerink, Roger Brissenden, Silke Britzen, Avery E. Broderick, Dominique Broguiere, Thomas Bronzwaer, Sandra Bustamante, Do-Young Byun, John E. Carlstrom, Chiara Ceccobello, Andrew Chael, Chi-kwan Chan, Koushik Chatterjee, Shami Chatterjee, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Chen, Xiaopeng Cheng, Ilje Cho, Pierre Christian, Nicholas S. Conroy, John E. Conway, James M. Cordes, Thomas M. Crawford, Geoffrey B. Crew, Alejandro Cruz-Osorio, Yuzhu Cui, Jordy Davelaar, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Roger Deane, Jessica Dempsey, Gregory Desvignes, Jason Dexter, Vedant Dhruv, Sheperd S. Doeleman, Sean Dougal, Sergio A. Dzib, Ralph P. Eatough, Razieh Emami, Heino Falcke, Joseph Farah, Vincent L. Fish, Ed Fomalont, H. Alyson Ford, Raquel Fraga-Encinas, William T. Freeman, Per Friberg, Christian M. Fromm, Antonio Fuentes, Peter Galison, Charles F. Gammie, Roberto Garcia, Olivier Gentaz, Boris Georgiev, Ciriaco Goddi, Roman Gold, Arturo Gomez-Ruiz, Jose L. Gomez, Minfeng Gu, Mark Gurwell, Kazuhiro Hada, Daryl Haggard, Kari Haworth, Michael H. Hecht, Ronald Hesper, Dirk Heumann, Luis C. Ho, Paul Ho, Mareki Honma, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Huang, David H. Hughes, Shiro Ikeda, C. M. Violette Impellizzeri, Makoto Inoue, Sara Issaoun, David J. James, Buell T. Jannuzi, Michael Janssen, Britton Jeter, Wu Jiang, Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales, Michael D. Johnson, Svetlana Jorstad, Abhishek Joshi, Taehyun Jung, Mansour Karami, Ramesh Karuppusamy, Tomohisa Kawashima, Garrett K. Keating, Mark Kettenis, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kim, Motoki Kino, Jun Yi Koay, Prashant Kocherlakota, Yutaro Kofuji, Patrick M. Koch, Shoko Koyama, Carsten Kramer, Michael Kramer, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Noemi La Bella, Tod R. Lauer, Daeyoung Lee, Sang-Sung Lee, Po Kin Leung, Aviad Levis, Zhiyuan Li, Rocco Lico, Greg Lindahl, Michael Lindqvist, Mikhail Lisakov, Jun Liu, Kuo Liu, Elisabetta Liuzzo, Wen-Ping Lo, Andrei P. Lobanov, Laurent Loinard, Colin J. Lonsdale, Ru-Sen Lu, Jirong Mao, Nicola Marchili, Sera Markoff, Daniel P. Marrone, Alan P. Marscher, Ivan Marti-Vidal, Satoki Matsushita, Lynn D. Matthews, Lia Medeiros, Karl M. Menten, Daniel Michalik, Izumi Mizuno, Yosuke Mizuno, James M. Moran, Kotaro Moriyama, Monika Moscibrodzka, Cornelia Muller, Alejandro Mus, Gibwa Musoke, Ioannis Myserlis, Andrew Nadolski, Hiroshi Nagai, Neil M. Nagar, Masanori Nakamura, Ramesh Narayan, Gopal Narayanan, Iniyan Natarajan, Antonios Nathanail, Santiago Navarro Fuentes, Joey Neilsen, Roberto Neri, Chunchong Ni, Aristeidis Noutsos, Michael A. Nowak, Junghwan Oh, Hiroki Okino, Hector Olivares, Gisela N. Ortiz-Leon, Tomoaki Oyama, Feryal Ozel, Daniel C. M. Palumbo, Georgios Filippos Paraschos, Jongho Park, Harriet Parsons, Nimesh Patel, Ue-Li Pen, Dominic W. Pesce, Vincent Pietu, Richard Plambeck, Aleksandar PopStefanija, Oliver Porth, Felix M. Potzl, Ben Prather, Jorge A. Preciado-Lopez, Dimitrios Psaltis, Hung-Yi Pu, Venkatessh Ramakrishnan, Ramprasad Rao, Mark G. Rawlings, Alexander W. Raymond, Luciano Rezzolla, Angelo Ricarte, Bart Ripperda, Freek Roelofs, Alan Rogers, Eduardo Ros, Cristina Romero-Canizales, Arash Roshanineshat, Helge Rottmann, Alan L. Roy, Ignacio Ruiz, Chet Ruszczyk, Kazi L. J. Rygl, Salvador Sanchez, David Sanchez-Arguelles, Miguel Sanchez-Portal, Mahito Sasada, Kaushik Satapathy, Tuomas Savolainen, F. Peter Schloerb, Jonathan Schonfeld, Karl-Friedrich Schuster, Lijing Shao, Zhiqiang Shen, Des Small, Bong Won Sohn, Jason SooHoo, Kamal Souccar, He Sun, Fumie Tazaki, Alexandra J. Tetarenko, Paul Tiede, Remo P. J. Tilanus, Michael Titus, Pablo Torne, Efthalia Traianou, Tyler Trent, Sascha Trippe, Matthew Turk, Ilse van Bemmel, Huib Jan van Langevelde, Daniel R. van Rossum, Jesse Vos, Jan Wagner, Derek Ward-Thompson, John Wardle, Jonathan Weintroub, Norbert Wex, Robert Wharton, Maciek Wielgus, Kaj Wiik, Gunther Witzel, Michael F. Wondrak, George N. Wong, Qingwen Wu, Paul Yamaguchi, Doosoo Yoon, Andre Young, Ken Young, Ziri Younsi, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Yuan, J. Anton Zensus, Shuo Zhang, Guang-Yao Zhao, Shan-Shan Zhao

Summary: This study presents new constraints on potential deviations from the Kerr metric based on observations of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) using the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope. The authors calibrate the relationship between the black hole shadow and the observed size of ring-like images using both Kerr and non-Kerr simulations. They conclude that the observed image size is within similar to 10% of the Kerr predictions and use these bounds to constrain alternative metrics and charges of spacetimes. The study also explores the possibility of Sgr A* being a compact object with a thermal or reflective surface and compares the results to other gravitational tests.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Challenges for ACDM: An update

L. Perivolaropoulos, F. Skara

Summary: In recent years, challenges to the standard ACDM model have been emerging as cosmological observations improve. This review discusses various signals in cosmological and astrophysical data that are in tension with the standard ACDM model, such as the Hubble tension, growth tension, and lensing amplitude anomaly, as well as other less-discussed signals that may hint towards new physics. The goal is to provide an update on the current status of these signals, particularly the Hubble tension, and refer readers to additional resources for more details.

NEW ASTRONOMY REVIEWS (2022)

Review Astronomy & Astrophysics

Cosmology intertwined: A review of the particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology associated with the cosmological tensions and anomalies

Elcio Abdalla, Guillermo Franco Abellan, Amin Aboubrahim, Adriano Agnello, Ozgur Akarsu, Yashar Akrami, George Alestas, Daniel Aloni, Luca Amendola, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Richard I. Anderson, Nikki Arendse, Marika Asgari, Mario Ballardini, Vernon Bargerx, Spyros Basilakos, Ronaldo C. Batista, Elia S. Battistelli, Richard Battye, Micol Benetti, David Benisty, Asher Berlin, Paolo de Bernardis, Emanuele Berti, Bohdan Bidenko, Simon Birrer, John P. Blakeslee, Kimberly K. Boddy, Clecio R. Bom, Alexander Bonilla, Nicola Borghi, Francois R. Bouchet, Matteo Braglia, Thomas Buchert, Elizabeth Buckley-Geer, Erminia Calabrese, Robert R. Caldwell, David Camarena, Salvatore Capozziello, Stefano Casertano, Angela Chen, Geoff C-F Chen, Hsin-Yu Chen, Jens Chluba, Anton Chudaykin, Michele Cicoli, Craig J. Copi, Fred Courbin, Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine, Bozena Czerny, Maria Dainotti, Guido D'Amico, Anne-Christine Davis, Javier de Cruz Perez, Jaume de Haro, Jacques Delabrouille, Peter B. Denton, Suhail Dhawan, Keith R. Dienes, Eleonora Di Valentino, Pu Du, Dominique Eckert, Celia Escamilla-Rivera, Agnes Ferte, Fabio Finelli, Pablo Fosalba, Wendy L. Freedman, Noemi Frusciante, Enrique Gaztanaga, William Giare, Elena Giusarma, Adria Gomez-Valent, Will Handley, Ian Harrison, Luke Hart, Dhiraj Kumar Hazra, Alan Heavens, Asta Heinesen, Hendrik Hildebrandt, J. Colin Hill, Natalie B. Hogg, Daniel E. Holz, Deanna C. Hooper, Nikoo Hosseininejad, Dragan Huterer, Mustapha Ishak, Mikhail M. Ivanov, Andrew H. Jaffe, In Sung Jang, Karsten Jedamzik, Raul Jimenez, Melissa Joseph, Shahab Joudaki, Marc Kamionkowski, Tanvi Karwal, Lavrentios Kazantzidis, Ryan E. Keeley, Michael Klasen, Eiichiro Komatsu, Leon V. E. Koopmans, Suresh Kumar, Luca Lamagna, Ruth Lazkoz Dn, Chung-Chi Lee, Julien Lesgourgues, Jackson Levi Said, Tiffany R. Lewis, Benjamin L'Huillier, Matteo Lucca, Roy Maartens, Lucas M. Macri, Danny Marfatia, Valerio Marra, Carlos J. A. P. Martins, Silvia Masi, Sabino Matarrese, Arindam Mazumdar, Alessandro Melchiorri, Olga Mena, Laura Mersini-Houghton, James Mertens, Dinko Milakovic, Yuto Minami, Vivian Miranda, Cristian Moreno-Pulido, Michele Moresco, David F. Mota, Emil Mottola, Simone Mozzon, Jessica Muir, Ankan Mukherjee, Suvodip Mukherjee, Pavel Naselsky, Pran Nath, Savvas Nesseris, Florian Niedermann, Alessio Notari, Rafael C. Nunes, Eoin O. Colgain, Kayla A. Owens, Emre Ozulker, Francesco Pace, Andronikos Paliathanasis, Antonella Palmese, Supriya Pan, Daniela Paoletti, Santiago E. Perez Bergliaffa, Leandros Perivolaropoulos, Dominic W. Pesce, Valeria Pettorino, Oliver H. E. Philcox, Levon Pogosian, Vivian Poulin, Gaspard Poulot, Marco Raveri, Mark J. Reid, Fabrizio Renzi, Adam G. Riess, Vivian Sabla, Paolo Salucci, Vincenzo Salzano, Emmanuel N. Saridakis, Bangalore S. Sathyaprakash, Martin Schmaltz, Nils Schoneberg, Dan Scolnic, Anjan A. Sen, Neelima Sehgal, Arman Shafieloo, M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari, Joseph Silk, Alessandra Silvestri, Foteini Skaraj, Martin S. Sloth, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Joan Sola Peracaula, Yu-Yang Songsheng, Jorge F. Soriano, Denitsa Staicova, Glenn D. Starkman, Istvan Szapudi, Elsa M. Teixeira, Brooks Thomas, Tommaso Treu, Emery Trott, Carsten van de Ruck, J. Alberto Vazquez, Licia Verde, Luca Visinelli, Deng Wang, Jian-Min Wang, Shao-Jiang Wang, Richard Watkins, Scott Watson, John K. Webb, Neal Weiner, Amanda Weltman, Samuel J. Witte, Radoslaw Wojtak, Anil Kumar Yadav, Weiqiang Yang, Gong-Bo Zhao, Miguel Zumalacarregui

Summary: The paper discusses the limitations of the standard Lambda Cold Dark Matter (Lambda CDM) cosmological model and proposes new physics models to alleviate the tensions in various cosmological measurements. The authors emphasize the importance of considering a wide range of data and discuss the significance of upcoming experiments and space missions in addressing open questions in cosmology.

JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYSICS (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Testing Astrophysical Models of the Galactic Center Black Hole

Kazunori Akiyama, Antxon Alberdi, Walter Alef, Juan Carlos Algaba, Richard Anantua, Keiichi Asada, Rebecca Azulay, Uwe Bach, Anne-Kathrin Baczko, David Ball, Mislav Balokovic, John Barrett, Michi Baubock, Bradford A. Benson, Dan Bintley, Lindy Blackburn, Raymond Blundell, Katherine L. Bouman, Geoffrey C. Bower, Hope Boyce, Michael Bremer, Christiaan D. Brinkerink, Roger Brissenden, Silke Britzen, Avery E. Broderick, Dominique Broguiere, Thomas Bronzwaer, Sandra Bustamante, Do-Young Byun, John E. Carlstrom, Chiara Ceccobello, Andrew Chael, Chi-kwan Chan, Koushik Chatterjee, Shami Chatterjee, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Chen, Xiaopeng Cheng, Ilje Cho, Pierre Christian, Nicholas S. Conroy, John E. Conway, James M. Cordes, Thomas M. Crawford, Geoffrey B. Crew, Alejandro Cruz-Osorio, Yuzhu Cui, Jordy Davelaar, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Roger Deane, Jessica Dempsey, Gregory Desvignes, Jason Dexter, Vedant Dhruv, Sheperd S. Doeleman, Sean Dougal, Sergio A. Dzib, Ralph P. Eatough, Razieh Emami, Heino Falcke, Joseph Farah, Vincent L. Fish, Ed Fomalont, H. Alyson Ford, Raquel Fraga-Encinas, William T. Freeman, Per Friberg, Christian M. Fromm, Antonio Fuentes, Peter Galison, Charles F. Gammie, Roberto Garcia, Olivier Gentaz, Boris Georgiev, Ciriaco Goddi, Roman Gold, Arturo Gomez-Ruiz, Jose L. Gomez, Minfeng Gu, Mark Gurwell, Kazuhiro Hada, Daryl Haggard, Kari Haworth, Michael H. Hecht, Ronald Hesper, Dirk Heumann, Luis C. Ho, Paul Ho, Mareki Honma, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Huang, David H. Hughes, Shiro Ikeda, C. M. Violette Impellizzeri, Makoto Inoue, Sara Issaoun, David J. James, Buell T. Jannuzi, Michael Janssen, Britton Jeter, Wu Jiang, Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales, Michael D. Johnson, Svetlana Jorstad, Abhishek Joshi, Taehyun Jung, Mansour Karami, Ramesh Karuppusamy, Tomohisa Kawashima, Garrett K. Keating, Mark Kettenis, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kim, Motoki Kino, Jun Yi Koay, Prashant Kocherlakota, Yutaro Kofuji, Patrick M. Koch, Shoko Koyama, Carsten Kramer, Michael Kramer, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Noemi La Bella, Tod R. Lauer, Daeyoung Lee, Sang-Sung Lee, Po Kin Leung, Aviad Levis, Zhiyuan Li, Rocco Lico, Greg Lindahl, Michael Lindqvist, Mikhail Lisakov, Jun Liu, Kuo Liu, Elisabetta Liuzzo, Wen-Ping Lo, Andrei P. Lobanov, Laurent Loinard, Colin J. Lonsdale, Ru-Sen Lu, Jirong Mao, Nicola Marchili, Sera Markoff, Daniel P. Marrone, Alan P. Marscher, Ivan Marti-Vidal, Satoki Matsushita, Lynn D. Matthews, Lia Medeiros, Karl M. Menten, Daniel Michalik, Izumi Mizuno, Yosuke Mizuno, James M. Moran, Kotaro Moriyama, Monika Moscibrodzka, Cornelia Mueller, Alejandro Mus, Gibwa Musoke, Ioannis Myserlis, Andrew Nadolski, Hiroshi Nagai, Neil M. Nagar, Masanori Nakamura, Ramesh Narayan, Gopal Narayanan, Iniyan Natarajan, Antonios Nathanail, Santiago Navarro Fuentes, Joey Neilsen, Roberto Neri, Chunchong Ni, Aristeidis Noutsos, Michael A. Nowak, Junghwan Oh, Hiroki Okino, Hector Olivares, Gisela N. Ortiz-Leon, Tomoaki Oyama, Feryal Ozel, Daniel C. M. Palumbo, Georgios Filippos Paraschos, Jongho Park, Harriet Parsons, Nimesh Patel, Ue-Li Pen, Dominic W. Pesce, Vincent Pietu, Richard Plambeck, Aleksandar PopStefanija, Oliver Porth, Felix M. Potzl, Ben Prather, Jorge A. Preciado-Lopez, Dimitrios Psaltis, Hung-Yi Pu, Venkatessh Ramakrishnan, Ramprasad Rao, Mark G. Rawlings, Alexander W. Raymond, Luciano Rezzolla, Angelo Ricarte, Bart Ripperda, Freek Roelofs, Alan Rogers, Eduardo Ros, Cristina Romero-Canizales, Arash Roshanineshat, Helge Rottmann, Alan L. Roy, Ignacio Ruiz, Chet Ruszczyk, Kazi L. J. Rygl, Salvador Sanchez, David Sanchez-Arguelles, Miguel Sanchez-Portal, Mahito Sasada, Kaushik Satapathy, Tuomas Savolainen, F. Peter Schloerb, Jonathan Schonfeld, Karl-Friedrich Schuster, Lijing Shao, Zhiqiang Shen, Des Small, Bong Won Sohn, Jason SooHoo, Kamal Souccar, He Sun, Fumie Tazaki, Alexandra J. Tetarenko, Paul Tiede, Remo P. J. Tilanus, Michael Titus, Pablo Torne, Efthalia Traianou, Tyler Trent, Sascha Trippe, Matthew Turk, Ilse van Bemmel, Huib Jan van Langevelde, Daniel R. van Rossum, Jesse Vos, Jan Wagner, Derek Ward-Thompson, John Wardle, Jonathan Weintroub, Norbert Wex, Robert Wharton, Maciek Wielgus, Kaj Wiik, Gunther Witzel, Michael F. Wondrak, George N. Wong, Qingwen Wu, Paul Yamaguchi, Doosoo Yoon, Andre Young, Ken Young, Ziri Younsi, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Yuan, J. Anton Zensus, Shuo Zhang, Guang-Yao Zhao, Shan-Shan Zhao, Tin Lok Chan, Richard Qiu, Sean Ressler, Chris White

Summary: This paper provides a first physical interpretation for the Event Horizon Telescope's observations of Sgr A*. By comparing different observations and models, the study identifies promising models while also highlighting their limitations and discussing possible improvements.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey V. Second data release

T. W. Shimwell, M. J. Hardcastle, C. Tasse, P. N. Best, H. J. A. Rottgering, W. L. Williams, A. Botteon, A. Drabent, A. Mechev, A. Shulevski, R. J. van Weeren, L. Bester, M. Bruggen, G. Brunetti, J. R. Callingham, J. E. Conway, T. J. Dijkema, K. Duncan, F. de Gasperin, C. L. Hale, M. Haverkorn, B. Hugo, N. Jackson, M. Mevius, G. K. Miley, L. K. Morabito, R. Morganti, A. Offringa, J. B. R. Oonk, D. Rafferty, J. Sabater, D. J. B. Smith, D. J. Schwarz, O. Smirnov, S. P. O'Sullivan, H. Vedantham, G. J. White, J. G. Albert, L. Alegre, B. Asabere, D. J. Bacon, A. Bonafede, E. Bonnassieux, M. Brienza, M. Bilicki, M. Bonato, G. Calistro Rivera, R. Cassano, R. Cochrane, J. H. Croston, V Cuciti, D. Dallacasa, A. Danezi, R. J. Dettmar, G. Di Gennaro, H. W. Edler, T. A. Ensslin, K. L. Emig, T. M. O. Franzen, C. Garcia-Vergara, Y. G. Grange, G. Gurkan, M. Hajduk, G. Heald, V Heesen, D. N. Hoang, M. Hoeft, C. Horellou, M. Iacobelli, M. Jamrozy, V Jelic, R. Kondapally, P. Kukreti, M. Kunert-Bajraszewska, M. Magliocchetti, V Mahatma, K. Malek, S. Mandal, F. Massaro, Z. Meyer-Zhao, B. Mingo, R. I. J. Mostert, D. G. Nair, S. J. Nakoneczny, E. Orru, T. Pasini, I Prandoni, H. E. van Piggelen, K. Rajpurohit, E. Retana-Montenegro, C. J. Riseley, A. Rowlinson, A. Saxena, C. Schrijvers, F. Sweijen, T. M. Siewert, R. Timmerman, M. Vaccari, J. Vink, J. L. West, X. Zhang, J. Zheng

Summary: This article presents the data release of LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey, which covers 27% of the northern sky with 120-168 MHz images. The catalogue includes 4,396,228 radio sources, most of which have never been detected at radio wavelengths before. The images were derived from extensive and automated data processing, including correction for instrumental properties and ionospheric distortions. The release of Stokes I, Q, U, and V images, as well as calibrated uv-data, enables the thorough scientific exploitation of this unique dataset.

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

2021 Census of Interstellar, Circumstellar, Extragalactic, Protoplanetary Disk, and Exoplanetary Molecules

Brett A. McGuire

Summary: A total of 241 molecular species composed of 19 different elements have been detected in the interstellar and circumstellar medium through astronomical observations. These molecules vary in size from two atoms to 70 and can be detected across a wide range of wavelengths. This census provides a summary of the first detection of each molecular species, including details on the observational facility, wavelength range, transitions, and relevant laboratory spectroscopic work. Tentative and disputed detections are also listed, and tables for molecules detected in interstellar ices, external galaxies, protoplanetary disks, and exoplanetary atmospheres are included. Various visual representations of the aggregated data are briefly discussed.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. III. Imaging of the Galactic Center Supermassive Black Hole

Kazunori Akiyama, Antxon Alberdi, Walter Alef, Juan Carlos Algaba, Richard Anantua, Keiichi Asada, Rebecca Azulay, Uwe Bach, Anne-Kathrin Baczko, David Ball, Mislav Balokovic, John Barrett, Michi Baubock, Bradford A. Benson, Dan Bintley, Lindy Blackburn, Raymond Blundell, Katherine L. Bouman, Geoffrey C. Bower, Hope Boyce, Michael Bremer, Christiaan D. Brinkerink, Roger Brissenden, Silke Britzen, Avery E. Broderick, Dominique Broguiere, Thomas Bronzwaer, Sandra Bustamante, Do-Young Byun, John E. Carlstrom, Chiara Ceccobello, Andrew Chael, Chi-kwan Chan, Koushik Chatterjee, Shami Chatterjee, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Chen, Xiaopeng Cheng, Ilje Cho, Pierre Christian, Nicholas S. Conroy, John E. Conway, James M. Cordes, Thomas M. Crawford, Geoffrey B. Crew, Alejandro Cruz-Osorio, Yuzhu Cui, Jordy Davelaar, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Roger Deane, Jessica Dempsey, Gregory Desvignes, Jason Dexter, Vedant Dhruv, Sheperd S. Doeleman, Sean Dougal, Sergio A. Dzib, Ralph P. Eatough, Razieh Emami, Heino Falcke, Joseph Farah, Vincent L. Fish, Ed Fomalont, H. Alyson Ford, Raquel Fraga-Encinas, William T. Freeman, Per Friberg, Christian M. Fromm, Antonio Fuentes, Peter Galison, Charles F. Gammie, Roberto Garcia, Olivier Gentaz, Boris Georgiev, Ciriaco Goddi, Roman Gold, Arturo Gomez-Ruiz, Jose L. Gomez, Minfeng Gu, Mark Gurwell, Kazuhiro Hada, Daryl Haggard, Kari Haworth, Michael H. Hecht, Ronald Hesper, Dirk Heumann, Luis C. Ho, Paul Ho, Mareki Honma, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Huang, David H. Hughes, Shiro Ikeda, C. M. Violette Impellizzeri, Makoto Inoue, Sara Issaoun, David J. James, Buell T. Jannuzi, Michael Janssen, Britton Jeter, Wu Jiang, Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales, Michael D. Johnson, Svetlana Jorstad, Abhishek Joshi, Taehyun Jung, Mansour Karami, Ramesh Karuppusamy, Tomohisa Kawashima, Garrett K. Keating, Mark Kettenis, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kim, Motoki Kino, Jun Yi Koay, Prashant Kocherlakota, Yutaro Kofuji, Patrick M. Koch, Shoko Koyama, Carsten Kramer, Michael Kramer, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Noemi La Bella, Tod R. Lauer, Daeyoung Lee, Sang-Sung Lee, Po Kin Leung, Aviad Levis, Zhiyuan Li, Rocco Lico, Greg Lindahl, Michael Lindqvist, Mikhail Lisakov, Jun Liu, Kuo Liu, Elisabetta Liuzzo, Wen-Ping Lo, Andrei P. Lobanov, Laurent Loinard, Colin J. Lonsdale, Ru-Sen Lu, Jirong Mao, Nicola Marchili, Sera Markoff, Daniel P. Marrone, Alan P. Marscher, Ivan Marti-Vidal, Satoki Matsushita, Lynn D. Matthews, Lia Medeiros, Karl M. Menten, Daniel Michalik, Izumi Mizuno, Yosuke Mizuno, James M. Moran, Kotaro Moriyama, Monika Moscibrodzka, Cornelia Mueller, Alejandro Mus, Gibwa Musoke, Ioannis Myserlis, Andrew Nadolski, Hiroshi Nagai, Neil M. Nagar, Masanori Nakamura, Ramesh Narayan, Gopal Narayanan, Iniyan Natarajan, Antonios Nathanail, Santiago Navarro Fuentes, Joey Neilsen, Roberto Neri, Chunchong Ni, Aristeidis Noutsos, Michael A. Nowak, Junghwan Oh, Hiroki Okino, Hector Olivares, Gisela N. Ortiz-Leon, Tomoaki Oyama, Feryal Ozel, Daniel C. M. Palumbo, Georgios Filippos Paraschos, Jongho Park, Harriet Parsons, Nimesh Patel, Ue-Li Pen, Dominic W. Pesce, Vincent Pietu, Richard Plambeck, Aleksandar PopStefanija, Oliver Porth, Felix M. Potzl, Ben Prather, Jorge A. Preciado-Lopez, Dimitrios Psaltis, Hung-Yi Pu, Venkatessh Ramakrishnan, Ramprasad Rao, Mark G. Rawlings, Alexander W. Raymond, Luciano Rezzolla, Angelo Ricarte, Bart Ripperda, Freek Roelofs, Alan Rogers, Eduardo Ros, Cristina Romero-Canizales, Arash Roshanineshat, Helge Rottmann, Alan L. Roy, Ignacio Ruiz, Chet Ruszczyk, Kazi L. J. Rygl, Salvador Sanchez, David Sanchez-Arguelles, Miguel Sanchez-Portal, Mahito Sasada, Kaushik Satapathy, Tuomas Savolainen, F. Peter Schloerb, Jonathan Schonfeld, Karl-Friedrich Schuster, Lijing Shao, Zhiqiang Shen, Des Small, Bong Won Sohn, Jason SooHoo, Kamal Souccar, Fumie Tazaki, Alexandra J. Tetarenko, Paul Tiede, Remo P. J. Tilanus, Michael Titus, Pablo Torne, Efthalia Traianou, Tyler Trent, Sascha Trippe, Matthew Turk, Ilse van Bemmel, Huib Jan van Langevelde, Daniel R. van Rossum, Jesse Vos, Jan Wagner, Derek Ward-Thompson, John Wardle, Jonathan Weintroub, Norbert Wex, Robert Wharton, Maciek Wielgus, Kaj Wiik, Gunther Witzel, Michael F. Wondrak, George N. Wong, Qingwen Wu, Paul Yamaguchi, Doosoo Yoon, Andre Young, Ken Young, Ziri Younsi, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Yuan, J. Anton Zensus, Shuo Zhang, Guang-Yao Zhao, Shan-Shan Zhao

Summary: This article presents the first event-horizon-scale images and spatiotemporal analysis of Sgr A* taken with the Event Horizon Telescope in April 2017. Different imaging methods and scattering effect corrections were used to reconstruct the static images of Sgr A*. The analysis shows that the Sgr A* image is dominated by a bright ring of emission with a diameter of about 50 microarcseconds, consistent with the expected shadow of a 4 x 10^6 solar mass black hole in the Galactic center at a distance of 8 kiloparsecs.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

The International Pulsar Timing Array second data release: Search for an isotropic gravitational wave background

J. Antoniadis, Z. Arzoumanian, S. Babak, M. Bailes, A-S Bak Nielsen, P. T. Baker, C. G. Bassa, B. Becsy, A. Berthereau, M. Bonetti, A. Brazier, P. R. Brook, M. Burgay, S. Burke-Spolaor, R. N. Caballero, J. A. Casey-Clyde, A. Chalumeau, D. J. Champion, M. Charisi, S. Chatterjee, S. Chen, I Cognard, J. M. Cordes, N. J. Cornish, F. Crawford, H. T. Cromartie, K. Crowter, S. Dai, M. E. DeCesar, P. B. Demorest, G. Desvignes, T. Dolch, B. Drachler, M. Falxa, E. C. Ferrara, W. Fiore, E. Fonseca, J. R. Gair, N. Garver-Daniels, B. Goncharov, D. C. Good, E. Graikou, L. Guillemot, Y. J. Guo, J. S. Hazboun, G. Hobbs, H. Hu, K. Islo, G. H. Janssen, R. J. Jennings, A. D. Johnson, M. L. Jones, A. R. Kaiser, D. L. Kaplan, R. Karuppusamy, M. J. Keith, L. Z. Kelley, M. Kerr, J. S. Key, M. Kramer, M. T. Lam, W. G. Lamb, T. J. W. Lazio, K. J. Lee, L. Lentati, K. Liu, J. Luo, R. S. Lynch, A. G. Lyne, D. R. Madison, R. A. Main, R. N. Manchester, A. McEwen, J. W. McKee, M. A. McLaughlin, M. B. Mickaliger, C. M. F. Mingarelli, C. Ng, D. J. Nice, A. Parthasarathy, T. T. Pennucci, B. B. P. Perera, D. Perrodin, A. Petiteau, N. S. Pol, N. K. Porayko, A. Possenti, S. M. Ransom, P. S. Ray, D. J. Reardon, C. J. Russell, A. Samajdar, L. M. Sampson, S. Sanidas, J. M. Sarkissian, K. Schmitz, L. Schult, A. Sesana, G. Shaifullah, R. M. Shannon, B. J. Shapiro-Albert, X. Siemens, J. Simon, T. L. Smith, L. Speri, R. Spiewak, I. H. Stairs, B. W. Stappers, D. R. Stinebring, J. K. Swiggum, S. R. Taylor, G. Theureau, C. Tiburzi, M. Vallisneri, E. van der Wateren, A. Vecchio, J. P. W. Verbiest, S. J. Vigeland, H. Wahl, J. B. Wang, J. Wang, L. Wang, C. A. Witt, S. Zhang, X. J. Zhu, S. Oslowski

Summary: In this study, we searched for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background using the second data release of the International Pulsar Timing Array. We found evidence for a spectrally similar low-frequency stochastic process and demonstrated that the combined international data set is more sensitive. Although no significant evidence of a gravitational-wave origin was found, future international data releases are expected to increase sensitivity and detection probability.

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing

T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, A. Alarcon, S. Allam, O. Alves, A. Amon, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, S. Avila, D. Bacon, E. Baxter, K. Bechtol, M. R. Becker, G. M. Bernstein, S. Bhargava, S. Birrer, J. Blazek, A. Brandao-Souza, S. L. Bridle, D. Brooks, E. Buckley-Geer, D. L. Burke, H. Camacho, A. Campos, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, R. Cawthon, C. Chang, A. Chen, R. Chen, A. Choi, C. Conselice, J. Cordero, M. Costanzi, M. Crocce, L. N. da Costa, M. E. da Silva Pereira, C. Davis, T. M. Davis, J. De Vicente, J. DeRose, S. Desai, E. Di Valentino, H. T. Diehl, J. P. Dietrich, S. Dodelson, P. Doel, C. Doux, A. Drlica-Wagner, K. Eckert, T. F. Eifler, F. Elsner, J. Elvin-Poole, S. Everett, A. E. Evrard, X. Fang, A. Farahi, E. Fernandez, I Ferrero, A. Ferte, P. Fosalba, O. Friedrich, J. Frieman, J. Garcia-Bellido, M. Gatti, E. Gaztanaga, D. W. Gerdes, T. Giannantonio, G. Giannini, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, I Harrison, W. G. Hartley, K. Herner, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, B. Hoyle, E. M. Huff, D. Huterer, B. Jain, D. J. James, M. Jarvis, N. Jeffrey, T. Jeltema, A. Kovacs, E. Krause, R. Kron, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, O. Lahav, P-F Leget, P. Lemos, A. R. Liddle, C. Lidman, M. Lima, H. Lin, N. MacCrann, M. A. G. Maia, J. L. Marshall, P. Martini, J. McCullough, P. Melchior, J. Mena-Fernandez, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, J. J. Mohr, R. Morgan, J. Muir, J. Myles, S. Nadathur, A. Navarro-Alsina, R. C. Nichol, R. L. C. Ogando, Y. Omori, A. Palmese, S. Pandey, Y. Park, F. Paz-Chinchon, D. Petravick, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagon, A. Porredon, J. Prat, M. Raveri, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, R. P. Rollins, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, R. Rosenfeld, A. J. Ross, E. S. Rykoff, S. Samuroff, C. Sanchez, E. Sanchez, J. Sanchez, D. Sanchez Cid, V Scarpine, M. Schubnell, D. Scolnic, L. F. Secco, S. Serrano, I Sevilla-Noarbe, E. Sheldon, T. Shin, M. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, M. Tabbutt, G. Tarle, D. Thomas, C. To, A. Troja, M. A. Troxel, D. L. Tucker, I Tutusaus, T. N. Varga, A. R. Walker, N. Weaverdyck, R. Wechsler, J. Weller, B. Yanny, B. Yin, Y. Zhang, J. Zuntz

Summary: This study presents cosmology results from large-scale structure using imaging data from the Dark Energy Survey. The analysis combines three two-point correlation functions and provides consistent cosmological constraints. These results are significant for improving our understanding of cosmology.

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS) X-ray catalogue

H. Brunner, T. Liu, G. Lamer, A. Georgakakis, A. Merloni, M. Brusa, E. Bulbul, K. Dennerl, S. Friedrich, A. Liu, C. Maitra, K. Nandra, M. E. Ramos-Ceja, J. S. Sanders, I. M. Stewart, T. Boller, J. Buchner, N. Clerc, J. Comparat, T. Dwelly, D. Eckert, A. Finoguenov, M. Freyberg, V Ghirardini, A. Gueguen, F. Haberl, I Kreykenbohm, M. Krumpe, S. Osterhage, F. Pacaud, P. Predehl, T. H. Reiprich, J. Robrade, M. Salvato, A. Santangelo, T. Schrabback, A. Schwope, J. Wilms

Summary: This study verifies the capability of eROSITA to perform large-area uniform surveys through scanning observations of the eFEDS field. It also provides a test and training dataset for calibration and data analysis procedures. Additionally, it constitutes the largest contiguous soft X-ray survey at this depth to date, supporting a range of early eROSITA survey science investigations.

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Variability, Morphology, and Black Hole Mass

Kazunori Akiyama, Antxon Alberdi, Walter Alef, Juan Carlos Algaba, Richard Anantua, Keiichi Asada, Rebecca Azulay, Uwe Bach, Anne-Kathrin Baczko, David Ball, Mislav Balokovic, John Barrett, Michi Baubock, Bradford A. Benson, Dan Bintley, Lindy Blackburn, Raymond Blundell, Katherine L. Bouman, Geoffrey C. Bower, Hope Boyce, Michael Bremer, Christiaan D. Brinkerink, Roger Brissenden, Silke Britzen, Avery E. Broderick, Dominique Broguiere, Thomas Bronzwaer, Sandra Bustamante, Do-Young Byun, John E. Carlstrom, Chiara Ceccobello, Andrew Chael, Chi-kwan Chan, Koushik Chatterjee, Shami Chatterjee, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Chen, Xiaopeng Cheng, Ilje Cho, Pierre Christian, Nicholas S. Conroy, John E. Conway, James M. Cordes, Thomas M. Crawford, Geoffrey B. Crew, Alejandro Cruz-Osorio, Yuzhu Cui, Jordy Davelaar, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Roger Deane, Jessica Dempsey, Gregory Desvignes, Jason Dexter, Vedant Dhruv, Sheperd S. Doeleman, Sean Dougal, Sergio A. Dzib, Ralph P. Eatough, Razieh Emami, Heino Falcke, Joseph Farah, Vincent L. Fish, Ed Fomalont, H. Alyson Ford, Raquel Fraga-Encinas, William T. Freeman, Per Friberg, Christian M. Fromm, Antonio Fuentes, Peter Galison, Charles F. Gammie, Roberto Garcia, Olivier Gentaz, Boris Georgiev, Ciriaco Goddi, Roman Gold, Arturo Gomez-Ruiz, Jose L. Gomez, Minfeng Gu, Mark Gurwell, Kazuhiro Hada, Daryl Haggard, Kari Haworth, Michael H. Hecht, Ronald Hesper, Dirk Heumann, Luis C. Ho, Paul Ho, Mareki Honma, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Huang, David H. Hughes, Shiro Ikeda, C. M. Violette Impellizzeri, Makoto Inoue, Sara Issaoun, David J. James, Buell T. Jannuzi, Michael Janssen, Britton Jeter, Wu Jiang, Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales, Michael D. Johnson, Svetlana Jorstad, Abhishek Joshi, Taehyun Jung, Mansour Karami, Ramesh Karuppusamy, Tomohisa Kawashima, Garrett K. Keating, Mark Kettenis, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kim, Motoki Kino, Jun Yi Koay, Prashant Kocherlakota, Yutaro Kofuji, Patrick M. Koch, Shoko Koyama, Carsten Kramer, Michael Kramer, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Noemi La Bella, Tod R. Lauer, Daeyoung Lee, Sang-Sung Lee, Po Kin Leung, Aviad Levis, Zhiyuan Li, Rocco Lico, Greg Lindahl, Michael Lindqvist, Mikhail Lisakov, Jun Liu, Kuo Liu, Elisabetta Liuzzo, Wen-Ping Lo, Andrei P. Lobanov, Laurent Loinard, Colin J. Lonsdale, Ru-Sen Lu, Jirong Mao, Nicola Marchili, Sera Markoff, Daniel P. Marrone, Alan P. Marscher, Ivan Marti-Vidal, Satoki Matsushita, Lynn D. Matthews, Lia Medeiros, Karl M. Menten, Daniel Michalik, Izumi Mizuno, Yosuke Mizuno, James M. Moran, Kotaro Moriyama, Monika Moscibrodzka, Cornelia Muller, Alejandro Mus, Gibwa Musoke, Ioannis Myserlis, Andrew Nadolski, Hiroshi Nagai, Neil M. Nagar, Masanori Nakamura, Ramesh Narayan, Gopal Narayanan, Iniyan Natarajan, Antonios Nathanail, Santiago Navarro Fuentes, Joey Neilsen, Roberto Neri, Chunchong Ni, Aristeidis Noutsos, Michael A. Nowak, Junghwan Oh, Hiroki Okino, Hector Olivares, Gisela N. Ortiz-Leon, Tomoaki Oyama, Daniel C. M. Palumbo, Georgios Filippos Paraschos, Jongho Park, Harriet Parsons, Nimesh Patel, Ue-Li Pen, Dominic W. Pesce, Vincent Pietu, Richard Plambeck, Aleksandar PopStefanija, Oliver Porth, Felix M. Potzl, Ben Prather, Jorge A. Preciado-Lopez, Hung-Yi Pu, Venkatessh Ramakrishnan, Ramprasad Rao, Mark G. Rawlings, Alexander W. Raymond, Luciano Rezzolla, Angelo Ricarte, Bart Ripperda, Freek Roelofs, Alan Rogers, Eduardo Ros, Cristina Romero-Canizales, Arash Roshanineshat, Helge Rottmann, Alan L. Roy, Ignacio Ruiz, Chet Ruszczyk, Kazi L. J. Rygl, Salvador Sanchez, David Sanchez-Arguelles, Miguel Sanchez-Portal, Mahito Sasada, Kaushik Satapathy, Tuomas Savolainen, F. Peter Schloerb, Jonathan Schonfeld, Karl-Friedrich Schuster, Lijing Shao, Zhiqiang Shen, Des Small, Bong Won Sohn, Jason SooHoo, Kamal Souccar, He Sun, Fumie Tazaki, Alexandra J. Tetarenko, Paul Tiede, Remo P. J. Tilanus, Michael Titus, Pablo Torne, Efthalia Traianou, Tyler Trent, Sascha Trippe, Matthew Turk, Ilse van Bemmel, Huib Jan van Langevelde, Daniel R. van Rossum, Jesse Vos, Jan Wagner, Derek Ward-Thompson, John Wardle, Jonathan Weintroub, Norbert Wex, Robert Wharton, Maciek Wielgus, Kaj Wiik, Gunther Witzel, Michael F. Wondrak, George N. Wong, Qingwen Wu, Paul Yamaguchi, Doosoo Yoon, Andre Young, Ken Young, Ziri Younsi, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Yuan, J. Anton Zensus, Shuo Zhang, Guang-Yao Zhao, Shan-Shan Zhao, Dominic O. Chang

Summary: This paper quantifies the temporal variability and image morphology of the horizon-scale emission from Sgr A* observed by the EHT in 2017. It finds that the data exhibit significant variability exceeding uncertainties and scattering effects. Geometric ring models provide better fits to the data, and the diameter and thickness of the ring are determined through modeling and image-domain analysis techniques.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Preliminary analysis of the Hayabusa2 samples returned from C-type asteroid Ryugu

Toru Yada, Masanao Abe, Tatsuaki Okada, Aiko Nakato, Kasumi Yogata, Akiko Miyazaki, Kentaro Hatakeda, Kazuya Kumagai, Masahiro Nishimura, Yuya Hitomi, Hiromichi Soejima, Miwa Yoshitake, Ayako Iwamae, Shizuho Furuya, Masayuki Uesugi, Yuzuru Karouji, Tomohiro Usui, Tasuku Hayashi, Daiki Yamamoto, Ryota Fukai, Seiji Sugita, Yuichiro Cho, Koki Yumoto, Yuna Yabe, Jean-Pierre Bibring, Cedric Pilorget, Vincent Hamm, Rosario Brunetto, Lucie Riu, Lionel Lourit, Damien Loizeau, Guillaume Lequertier, Aurelie Moussi-Soffys, Shogo Tachibana, Hirotaka Sawada, Ryuji Okazaki, Yoshinori Takano, Kanako Sakamoto, Yayoi N. Miura, Hajime Yano, Trevor R. Ireland, Tetsuya Yamada, Masaki Fujimoto, Kohei Kitazato, Noriyuki Namiki, Masahiko Arakawa, Naru Hirata, Hisayoshi Yurimoto, Tomoki Nakamura, Takaaki Noguchi, Hikaru Yabuta, Hiroshi Naraoka, Motoo Ito, Eizo Nakamura, Kentaro Uesugi, Katsura Kobayashi, Tatsuhiro Michikami, Hiroshi Kikuchi, Naoyuki Hirata, Yoshiaki Ishihara, Koji Matsumoto, Hirotomo Noda, Rina Noguchi, Yuri Shimaki, Kei Shirai, Kazunori Ogawa, Koji Wada, Hiroki Senshu, Yukio Yamamoto, Tomokatsu Morota, Rie Honda, Chikatoshi Honda, Yasuhiro Yokota, Moe Matsuoka, Naoya Sakatani, Eri Tatsumi, Akira Miura, Manabu Yamada, Atsushi Fujii, Chikako Hirose, Satoshi Hosoda, Hitoshi Ikeda, Takahiro Iwata, Shota Kikuchi, Yuya Mimasu, Osamu Mori, Naoko Ogawa, Go Ono, Takanobu Shimada, Stefania Soldini, Tadateru Takahashi, Yuto Takei, Hiroshi Takeuchi, Ryudo Tsukizaki, Kent Yoshikawa, Fuyuto Terui, Satoru Nakazawa, Satoshi Tanaka, Takanao Saiki, Makoto Yoshikawa, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, Yuichi Tsuda

Summary: Research on the samples returned from Ryugu by Hayabusa2 found that they mainly consist of rugged and smooth particles of millimetre to submillimetre size, with lower density than meteorites, suggesting high microporosity. The carbonaceous composition with indigenous aqueous alteration confirms the similarity of Ryugu to CI chondrites, but with lower albedo, higher porosity, and more fragile characteristics.

NATURE ASTRONOMY (2022)

Review Astronomy & Astrophysics

Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Cosmology from cosmic shear and robustness to modeling uncertainty

L. F. Secco, S. Samuroff, E. Krause, B. Jain, J. Blazek, M. Raveri, A. Campos, A. Amon, A. Chen, C. Doux, A. Choi, D. Gruen, G. M. Bernstein, C. Chang, J. DeRose, J. Myles, A. Ferte, P. Lemos, D. Huterer, J. Prat, M. A. Troxel, N. MacCrann, A. R. Liddle, T. Kacprzak, X. Fang, C. Sanchez, S. Pandey, S. Dodelson, P. Chintalapati, K. Hoffmann, A. Alarcon, O. Alves, F. Andrade-Oliveira, E. J. Baxter, K. Bechtol, M. R. Becker, A. Brandao-Souza, H. Camacho, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, R. Cawthon, J. P. Cordero, M. Crocce, C. Davis, E. Di Valentino, A. Drlica-Wagner, K. Eckert, T. F. Eifler, M. Elidaiana, F. Elsner, J. Elvin-Poole, S. Everett, P. Fosalba, O. Friedrich, M. Gatti, G. Giannini, R. A. Gruendl, I Harrison, W. G. Hartley, K. Herner, H. Huang, E. M. Huff, M. Jarvis, N. Jeffrey, N. Kuropatkin, P-F Leget, J. Muir, J. Mccullough, A. Navarro Alsina, Y. Omori, Y. Park, A. Porredon, R. Rollins, A. Roodman, R. Rosenfeld, A. J. Ross, E. S. Rykoff, J. Sanchez, I Sevilla-Noarbe, E. S. Sheldon, T. Shin, I Tutusaus, T. N. Varga, N. Weaverdyck, R. H. Wechsler, B. Yanny, B. Yin, Y. Zhang, J. Zuntz, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, S. Allam, J. Annis, D. Bacon, E. Bertin, S. Bhargava, S. L. Bridle, D. Brooks, E. Buckley-Geer, D. L. Burke, J. Carretero, M. Costanzi, L. N. da Costa, J. De Vicente, H. T. Diehl, J. P. Dietrich, P. Doel, I Ferrero, B. Flaugher, J. Frieman, J. Garcia-Bellido, E. Gaztanaga, D. W. Gerdes, T. Giannantonio, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, B. Hoyle, D. J. James, T. Jeltema, K. Kuehn, O. Lahav, M. Lima, H. Lin, M. A. G. Maia, J. L. Marshall, P. Martini, P. Melchior, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, J. J. Mohr, R. Morgan, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Palmese, F. Paz-Chinchon, D. Petravick, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagon, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, A. K. Romer, E. Sanchez, V Scarpine, M. Schubnell, D. Scolnic, S. Serrano, M. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, D. Thomas, C. To

Summary: This paper presents cosmic shear measurements and cosmological constraints from the Darki Energy Survey (DES) Year 3 data, using over 100 million source galaxies. The lensing amplitude parameter S-8 is constrained at the 3% level in the ΛCDM model, and the robustness of the results to modeling of intrinsic alignments is explored. Constraints from other weak lensing experiments and the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) are compared, and the statistical preference for different complexity intrinsic alignment models is examined.

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. EHT and Multiwavelength Observations, Data Processing, and Calibration

Kazunori Akiyama, Antxon Alberdi, Walter Alef, Juan Carlos Algaba, Richard Anantua, Keiichi Asada, Rebecca Azulay, Uwe Bach, Anne-Kathrin Baczko, David Ball, Mislav Balokovic, John Barrett, Michi Baubock, Bradford A. Benson, Dan Bintley, Lindy Blackburn, Raymond Blundell, Katherine L. Bouman, Geoffrey C. Bower, Hope Boyce, Michael Bremer, Christiaan D. Brinkerink, Roger Brissenden, Silke Britzen, Avery E. Broderick, Dominique Broguiere, Thomas Bronzwaer, Sandra Bustamante, Do-Young Byun, John E. Carlstrom, Chiara Ceccobello, Andrew Chael, Chi-kwan Chan, Koushik Chatterjee, Shami Chatterjee, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Chen, Xiaopeng Cheng, Ilje Cho, Pierre Christian, Nicholas S. Conroy, John E. Conway, James M. Cordes, Thomas M. Crawford, Geoffrey B. Crew, Alejandro Cruz-Osorio, Yuzhu Cui, Jordy Davelaar, Mariafelicia De Laurentis, Roger Deane, Jessica Dempsey, Gregory Desvignes, Jason Dexter, Vedant Dhruv, Sheperd S. Doeleman, Sean Dougal, Sergio A. Dzib, Ralph P. Eatough, Razieh Emami, Heino Falcke, Joseph Farah, Vincent L. Fish, Ed Fomalont, H. Alyson Ford, Raquel Fraga-Encinas, William T. Freeman, Per Friberg, Christian M. Fromm, Antonio Fuentes, Peter Galison, Charles F. Gammie, Roberto Garcia, Olivier Gentaz, Boris Georgiev, Ciriaco Goddi, Roman Gold, Arturo Gomez-Ruiz, Jose L. Gomez, Minfeng Gu, Mark Gurwell, Kazuhiro Hada, Daryl Haggard, Kari Haworth, Michael H. Hecht, Ronald Hesper, Dirk Heumann, Luis C. Ho, Paul Ho, Mareki Honma, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Huang, David H. Hughes, Shiro Ikeda, C. M. Violette Impellizzeri, Makoto Inoue, Sara Issaoun, David J. James, Buell T. Jannuzi, Michael Janssen, Britton Jeter, Wu Jiang, Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales, Michael D. Johnson, Svetlana Jorstad, Abhishek Joshi, Taehyun Jung, Mansour Karami, Ramesh Karuppusamy, Tomohisa Kawashima, Garrett K. Keating, Mark Kettenis, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kim, Motoki Kino, Jun Yi Koay, Prashant Kocherlakota, Yutaro Kofuji, Patrick M. Koch, Shoko Koyama, Carsten Kramer, Michael Kramer, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Cheng-Yu Kuo, Noemi La Bella, Tod R. Lauer, Daeyoung Lee, Sang-Sung Lee, Po Kin Leung, Aviad Levis, Zhiyuan Li, Rocco Lico, Greg Lindahl, Michael Lindqvist, Mikhail Lisakov, Jun Liu, Kuo Liu, Elisabetta Liuzzo, Wen-Ping Lo, Andrei P. Lobanov, Laurent Loinard, Colin J. Lonsdale, Ru-Sen Lu, Jirong Mao, Nicola Marchili, Sera Markoff, Daniel P. Marrone, Alan P. Marscher, Ivan Marti-Vidal, Satoki Matsushita, Lynn D. Matthews, Lia Medeiros, Karl M. Menten, Daniel Michalik, Izumi Mizuno, Yosuke Mizuno, James M. Moran, Kotaro Moriyama, Monika Moscibrodzka, Cornelia Muller, Alejandro Mus, Gibwa Musoke, Ioannis Myserlis, Andrew Nadolski, Hiroshi Nagai, Neil M. Nagar, Masanori Nakamura, Ramesh Narayan, Gopal Narayanan, Iniyan Natarajan, Antonios Nathanail, Santiago Navarro Fuentes, Joey Neilsen, Roberto Neri, Chunchong Ni, Aristeidis Noutsos, Michael A. Nowak, Junghwan Oh, Hiroki Okino, Hector Olivares, Gisela N. Ortiz-Leon, Tomoaki Oyama, Daniel C. M. Palumbo, Georgios Filippos Paraschos, Jongho Park, Harriet Parsons, Nimesh Patel, Ue-Li Pen, Dominic W. Pesce, Vincent Pietu, Richard Plambeck, Aleksandar PopStefanija, Oliver Porth, Felix M. Potzl, Ben Prather, Jorge A. Preciado-Lopez, Hung-Yi Pu, Venkatessh Ramakrishnan, Ramprasad Rao, Mark G. Rawlings, Alexander W. Raymond, Luciano Rezzolla, Angelo Ricarte, Bart Ripperda, Freek Roelofs, Alan Rogers, Eduardo Ros, Cristina Romero-Canizales, Arash Roshanineshat, Helge Rottmann, Alan L. Roy, Ignacio Ruiz, Chet Ruszczyk, Kazi L. J. Rygl, Salvador Sanchez, David Sanchez-Arguelles, Miguel Sanchez-Portal, Mahito Sasada, Kaushik Satapathy, Tuomas Savolainen, F. Peter Schloerb, Jonathan Schonfeld, Karl-Friedrich Schuster, Lijing Shao, Zhiqiang Shen, Des Small, Bong Won Sohn, Jason SooHoo, Kamal Souccar, He Sun, Fumie Tazaki, Alexandra J. Tetarenko, Paul Tiede, Remo P. J. Tilanus, Michael Titus, Pablo Torne, Efthalia Traianou, Tyler Trent, Sascha Trippe, Matthew Turk, Ilse van Bemmel, Huib Jan van Langevelde, Daniel R. van Rossum, Jesse Vos, Jan Wagner, Derek Ward-Thompson, John Wardle, Jonathan Weintroub, Norbert Wex, Robert Wharton, Maciek Wielgus, Kaj Wiik, Gunther Witzel, Michael F. Wondrak, George N. Wong, Qingwen Wu, Paul Yamaguchi, Doosoo Yoon, Andre Young, Ken Young, Ziri Younsi, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Yuan, J. Anton Zensus, Shuo Zhang, Guang-Yao Zhao, Shan-Shan Zhao, Claudio Agurto, Juan Pablo Araneda, Oriel Arriagada, Alessandra Bertarini, Ryan Berthold, Jay Blanchard, Ken Brown, Mauricio Cardenas, Michael Cantzler, Patricio Caro, Tim C. Chuter, Miroslaw Ciechanowicz, Iain M. Coulson, Joseph Crowley, Nathalie Degenaar, Sven Dornbusch, Carlos A. Duran, Karl Forster, Gertie Geertsema, Edouard Gonzalez, Dave Graham, Frederic Gueth, Chih-Chiang Han, Cristian Herrera, Ruben Herrero-Illana, Stefan Heyminck, James Hoge, Yau-De Huang, Homin Jiang, David John, Thomas Klein, Derek Kubo, John Kuroda, Caleb Kwon, Robert Laing, Ching-Tang Liu, Kuan-Yu Liu, Felipe Mac-Auliffe, Pierre Martin-Cocher, Callie Matulonis, Hugo Messias, Zheng Meyer-Zhao, Francisco Montenegro-Montes, William Montgomerie, Dirk Muders, Hiroaki Nishioka, Timothy J. Norton, Rodrigo Olivares, Juan Pablo Perez-Beaupuits, Rodrigo Parra, Michael Poirier, Nicolas Pradel, Philippe A. Raffin, Jorge Ramirez, Mark Reynolds, Alejandro F. Saez-Madain, Jorge Santana, Kevin M. Silva, Don Sousa, William Stahm, Karl Torstensson, Paulina Venegas, Craig Walther, Gundolf Wieching, Rudy Wijnands, Jan G. A. Wouterloot

Summary: This study utilized Event Horizon Telescope to measure the 1.3 mm radio source of Sgr A*, revealing that emission at horizon scales mainly comes from intrinsic structural variations, and conducted multiwavelength monitoring in different bands; by comparing historical data, it was found that the emission behavior of this black hole remains consistent.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS (2022)

Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

COSMOS2020: A Panchromatic View of the Universe to z ∼ 10 from Two Complementary Catalogs

J. R. Weaver, O. B. Kauffmann, O. Ilbert, H. J. McCracken, A. Moneti, S. Toft, G. Brammer, M. Shuntov, I Davidzon, B. C. Hsieh, C. Laigle, A. Anastasiou, C. K. Jespersen, J. Vinther, P. Capak, C. M. Casey, C. J. R. McPartland, B. Milvang-Jensen, B. Mobasher, D. B. Sanders, L. Zalesky, S. Arnouts, H. Aussel, J. S. Dunlop, A. Faisst, M. Franx, L. J. Furtak, J. P. U. Fynbo, K. M. L. Gould, T. R. Greve, S. Gwyn, J. S. Kartaltepe, D. Kashino, A. M. Koekemoer, V Kokorev, O. Le Fevre, S. Lilly, D. Masters, G. Magdis, V Mehta, Y. Peng, D. A. Riechers, M. Salvato, M. Sawicki, C. Scarlata, N. Scoville, R. Shirley, J. D. Silverman, A. Sneppen, V Smolcic, C. Steinhardt, D. Stern, M. Tanaka, Y. Taniguchi, H. Teplitz, M. Vaccari, W-H Wang, G. Zamorani

Summary: This paper describes the collection, processing, and analysis of new imaging data in the COSMOS field to produce a new reference photometric redshift catalog. The photometric methodologies and redshift codes used are shown to have high precision and self-consistency. The results have important implications for future surveys and the study of the COSMOS field.

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES (2022)