Journal
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
Volume 88, Issue 1, Pages 35-43Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1038/ki.2015.76
Keywords
bone; calcium; hypercalciuria; hyperoxaluria; mineral metabolism; urology
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The available publications on nephrocalcinosis are wide-ranging and have documented multiple causes and associations of macroscopic or radiological nephrocalcinosis, most often located in the renal medulla, with various metabolic and genetic disorders; in fact, so many and various are these that it is difficult to define a common underlying mechanism. We have reviewed nephrocalcinosis in relation to its definition, genetic associations, animal models, and putative mechanisms. We have concluded, and hypothesized, that nephrocalcinosis is primarily a renal interstitial process, resembling metastatic calcification, and that it may have some features in common with, and pathogenic links to, vascular calcification.
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