Energy efficient continuous production of gamma-valerolactone by bifunctional metal/acid catalysis in one pot

A bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst based on sulfonated cation exchange resin and embedded Ru nanoparticles shows complete conversion and selectivity at low temperatures and H-2 pressure in the direct, one-pot conversion of levulinic acid to GVL under continuous flow conditions, with excellent durability and no need for additives.