A multi-technique approach for characterizing the SVN49 signal anomaly, part 2: chip shape analysis

Due to a satellite internal reflection at the L5 test payload, the SVN49 (PRN1) GPS satellite exhibits a static multipath on the L1 and L2 signals, which results in elevation-dependent tracking errors for terrestrial receivers. Using a 30-m high-gain antenna, code and carrier phase measurements as well as raw in-phase and quadrature radio frequency samples have been collected during a series of zenith passes in mid-April 2010 to characterize the SVN49 multipath and its impact on common users. Following an analysis of the receiver tracking data and the IQ constellation provided in Part 1 of this study, the present Part 2 provides an in-depth investigation into chip shapes for the L1 and L2 signals. A single reflection model is found to be compatible with the observed chip shape distortions and key parameters for an elevation dependent multipath model are derived. A good agreement is found between multipath parameters derived independently from raw IQ-samples and measurements of a so-called Vision Correlator. The chip shapes and their observed variation with elevation can be used to predict the multipath response of different correlator types within a tracking receiver. The multipath model itself is suitable for implementation in a signal simulator and thus enables laboratory testing of actual receiver hardware.