Journal
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS
Volume 23, Issue 5, Pages 1131-1141Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.05.002
Keywords
Disturbance; Conservation; Livelihood diversification; Africa; Parks
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Funding
- Fulbright Hays Fellowship through the U.S. Department of Education
- Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement Grant (DDRI) through the National Science Foundation
- Carolina Population Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie
- Division Of Behavioral and Cognitive Sci [1122685] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Recent studies have identified poverty reduction near parks and protected areas, findings that challenge an extensive literature on the social burdens associated with protected areas. These studies move the discussion on the social dynamics of conservation forward, however, they do not offer insight into the underlying mechanisms that shape household-level outcomes such as income and wealth. By focusing on protected areas as centers of uncertainty, upheaval, and disturbance, this study examines the character and incidence of livelihood diversification within communities near Tarangire National Park in northern Tanzania compared to communities far from the park. Livelihood diversification is well understood as a coping and/or risk mitigation strategy pursued in response to various types of shocks, and uncertainty more generally. This study draws on mixed methodologies to construct multivariate statistical models to estimate the effect of proximity to the park on measures of livelihood diversification. The results indicate that proximity to park is strongly correlated with livelihood diversification, suggesting that households near the park are adapting to opportunities and constraints and may be seeking to reduce variance in income and wealth in response to disturbances and uncertainty associated with the park. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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