Journal
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
Volume 196, Issue 2, Pages 818-827Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggt421
Keywords
Image processing; Electrical anisotropy; Electromagnetic theory; Archaeomagnetism; Ground penetrating radar; Magnetic and electrical properties
Categories
Funding
- Politecnico di Milano [5]
- IDS Company
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This paper investigates the impact that the GPR antenna orientation, or survey direction, has on migrated image resulting from 3-D georadar acquisitions carried out on heterogeneous and anisotropic subsurface. This feature is related to the directional dependency of wave propagation effects, such as dispersion, absorption, depolarization, and scattering phenomena. We provide a proof of this with two field examples, demonstrating that a 3-D survey performed along a single direction could bring weak results in terms of target detection and reconstruction. To overcome this risk, we show the improvements that the combination of GPR 3-D data acquired along different directions on the same area can obtain: an enhancement of target detection probability and the practical advantage for the end-user of looking through a single image. Further on, we develop a stacking scheme that employs a threshold associated with amplitude comparison to adaptively handle the combination of georadar data volumes.
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