Journal
GEOMORPHOLOGY
Volume 185, Issue -, Pages 67-77Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.12.005
Keywords
Soil erosion; Embeddedness; Fallout radionuclides; Riparian
Funding
- Geological Society of America [9190-09]
- National Science Foundation [EAR 0645343, BCS 0724348]
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Timber harvest often results in accelerated soil erosion and subsequent elevated fine (<2 mm) sediment delivery to channels causing deleterious effects to numerous aquatic species, particularly salmonid fishes. Here we determine, through sediment physical analyses (pebble counts, embeddedness surveys, and interstitial shelter space counts) and geochemical analyses (Be-7 and Pb-210(ex) activities), the amount and timing of delivery of fine sediment currently found on streambeds of the Narraguagus River watershed in coastal Maine. The role of recent timber harvest, documented via aerial photo spatial analysis, on fine sediment delivery is contrasted with the ability of the glacially influenced topography and surficial geology to deliver fine sediment to streams and to influence channel substrate. Results show that of the land use and geomorphic variables examined, only Pb-210(ex) activities were significantly correlated with the amount of upstream harvest (r(2)=0.49). Concurrently, we find that unit stream power (particularly the slope component) explains much of the variability in channel substrate and that slope and stream power are largely influenced by the legacy of Pleistocene glaciation on channel form. Results suggest a conceptual model whereby fine sediment delivery as a result of late twentieth century timber harvest is likely dampened because of the low gradient landscape of coastal Maine. While geochemical tracers indicate recent fine sediment delivery in harvested areas, channels are likely capable of quickly winnowing these fines from the channel bed. These results further suggest that under contemporary land use conditions, the geomorphic and geologic setting represents a first-order control on channel substrate and habitat suitability for salmonid fishes, including federally endangered Atlantic salmon (Salmo solar), in coastal drainages of northeastern Maine. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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