Journal
GEOLOGY
Volume 39, Issue 10, Pages 951-954Publisher
GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
DOI: 10.1130/G31994.1
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Funding
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [187323]
- Volcanic and Magmatic Studies Group
- Quaternary Research Association
- Villum Foundation
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An extensive debris-avalanche deposit has been discovered on Canadas volcano, Tenerife (Canary Islands). The onshore component of the 733 +/- 3 ka Abona landslide deposit exposes classic block facies and mixed facies across 90 km(2). Three lines of evidence together show that the avalanche was triggered by an ignimbrite-forming explosive eruption: (1) the deposit is enclosed by phonolitic ignimbrites and is draped by a Plinian fallout layer, all within a single eruption unit; (2) it contains prismatic-jointed pumice blocks that were hot during landslide emplacement, indicated by chilled rims and breadcrust surfaces; (3) these blocks yield the same 40Ar/39Ar date as the associated ignimbrite and fall deposit. Landslide hummocks dammed surface water, forming ephemeral lakes perched on the volcano flank. Phonolite dome growth destabilized the southeast sector of a mid-Pleistocene Canadas caldera wall, and created a major breach that affected the passage of destructive pyroclastic density currents on Tenerife for 0.5 m.y., showing that landslides can have enduring consequences for pyroclastic dispersal and hazards.
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