Journal
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
Volume 6, Issue 8, Pages 1964-1971Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evu154
Keywords
opsin; comb jelly; evolution; vision; Metazoa; Ctenophora
Categories
Funding
- Science Foundation Ireland research Frontiers Program [EOB3106]
- National Science Foundation [DEB1146337]
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1146337] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Opsins mediate light detection in most animals, and understanding their evolution is key to clarify the origin of vision. Despite the public availability of a substantial collection of well-characterized opsins, early opsin evolution has yet to be fully understood, in large part because of the high level of divergence observed among opsins belonging to different subfamilies. As a result, different studies have investigated deep opsin evolution using alternative data sets and reached contradictory results. Here, we integrated the data and methods of three, key, recent studies to further clarify opsin evolution. We show that the opsin relationships are sensitive to outgroup choice; we generate new support for the existence of Rhabdomeric opsins in Cnidaria (e. g., corals and jellyfishes) and show that all comb jelly opsins belong to well-recognized opsin groups (the Go-coupled opsins or the Ciliary opsins), which are also known in Bilateria (e. g., humans, fruit flies, snails, and their allies) and Cnidaria. Our results are most parsimoniously interpreted assuming a traditional animal phylogeny where Ctenophora are not the sister group of all the other animals.
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