Analysis of yield and oil from a series of canola breeding trials. Part II. Exploring variety by environment interaction using factor analysis

Exploring and exploiting variety by environment ( V x E) interaction is one of the major challenges facing plant breeders. In paper I of this series, we presented an approach to modelling V x E interaction in the analysis of complex multi-environment trials using factor analytic models. In this paper, we develop a range of statistical tools which explore V x E interaction in this context. These tools include graphical displays such as heat-maps of genetic correlation matrices as well as so-called E-scaled uniplots that are a more informative alternative to the classical biplot for large plant breeding multi-environment trials. We also present a new approach to prediction for multi-environment trials that include pedigree information. This approach allows meaningful selection indices to be formed either for potential new varieties or potential parents.