Journal
GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH
Volume 13, Issue 2, Pages 4406-4418Publisher
FUNPEC-EDITORA
DOI: 10.4238/2014.June.11.4
Keywords
Dactylis glomerata; Start codon-targeted markers; Genetic diversity
Funding
- Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-Industry Technology Research System [CARS-35-05]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31372363]
- National Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China [2014CB138705]
- Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20115103120004]
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Orchardgrass, or cocksfoot, is an important perennial forage grass worldwide. The comprehensive understanding of orchardgrass accessions will benefit germplasm collection and breeding progress, and it will enhance efforts to improve forage yield and quality. Therefore, 24 novel, simple, polymorphic, and reliable start codon-targeted (SCoT) markers were used to analyze the diversity and genetic relationships among 95 orchardgrass accessions. In total, 273 polymorphic bands were detected with an average of 11.4 bands per primer. The average polymorphic rate for the species was 83.4%, suggesting a high discriminating ability of the SCoT technique for orchardgrass. The molecular variance analysis revealed that 69.13 and 30.87% of variation resided within and among groups, respectively, demonstrating that the orchardgrass germplasms had a higher level of genetic diversity within groups than among geographical regions and distributions. The distinct geographical divergence of orchardgrass was revealed between North America and Oceania. The unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram revealed a separation of 7 main clusters between 95 accessions according to the geographical origin. Furthermore, each cluster was divided into subgroups mainly according to the origin of its state. The genetic divergence of orchardgrass might be influenced by the ecogeographical conditions, climatic types, breeding systems and gene flow with variations in cultures, bird migration, and breeder selection. These results could facilitate orchardgrass germplasm collection, management, and breeding worldwide.
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