The Association of Methylation in the Promoter of APC and MGMT and the Prognosis of Taiwanese CRC Patients

Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of methylation in the promoter regions of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and the survival of Taiwanese colorectal cancer (CRC) subjects who received 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) adjuvant chemotherapy. Results: DNA isolated from tumor tissue of 117 CRC subjects was analyzed for the existence of methylation in the promoter regions of APC and MGMT by methylation-specific PCR. Various characteristics of the 117 subjects were recorded and used in the Cox proportional-hazard model analyses. Methylation in the promoter region is 62.4% (73/117) for APC and 60.7% (71/117) for MGMT in our CRC patients. Subjects presenting methylation in the APC promoter demonstrate significantly lower hazards for all causes of death (hazard ratios = 0.378, p = 0.011) or CRC deaths (hazard ratios = 0.426, p = 0.039). However, no significant correlation is found between the methylation of MGMT promoter and the prognosis of CRC subjects. In addition, no interaction between 5-FU adjuvant chemotherapy and methylation of the two genes are observed. Conclusions: Methylation in the APC promoter may serve as a predictor for the prognosis of Taiwanese CRC patients.