Journal
GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 164, Issue 1, Pages 15-19Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.04.014
Keywords
Urocortin; Sauvagine; Diuretic peptide; Diuretic hormone; Stress; Ciona; HPA axis; Neuroendocrine systems
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Peptides have a long evolutionary history that predates the appearance of metazoans. The corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) family of peptides is among the most ancient peptide lineages. The identification and characterization of urotensin-I and related orthologues led the way for the elucidation of the entire CRF peptide family. A comparative analysis of the CRF paralogue sequences suggest that CRF is the most derived of these peptides and has lost many of its ancestral characteristics after it became associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal/interrenal (HPA/I axis). In vertebrates, the urotensin-I group of orthologues, which includes sauvagine and urocortin, possess a number of shared characteristics that may be indicative of the ancestral peptide. Given the early origin of the CRF family peptides, it is likely that other peptide lineages are distantly related to the CRF family. In silico or cDNA library screening using probes based on urotensin-I/urocortin characteristics have been used to identify novel CRF family and related sequences that provide clues the evolutionary origin of the CRF family. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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