Journal
GENE EXPRESSION PATTERNS
Volume 12, Issue 5-6, Pages 180-188Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2012.03.003
Keywords
KIF21A; Kinesin expression; KIF21A splice variants; Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles; CFEOM; Extraocular muscle; Skeletal muscle; Human embryonic development
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Funding
- Children's Hospital Boston Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center [2P30HD018655]
- [R01 EY013583]
- Medical Research Council [G0700089, G9900837] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [G0700089, G9900837] Funding Source: UKRI
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Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles type 1 (CFEOM1) is a rare inherited strabismus syndrome characterized by non-progressive ophthalmoplegia. We previously identified that CFEOM1 results from heterozygous missense mutations in KIF21A, which encodes a kinesin motor protein. Here we evaluate the expression pattern of KIF21A in human brain and muscles of control and CFEOM1 patients, and during human and mouse embryonic development. KIF21A is expressed in the cell bodies, axons, and dendrites of many neuronal populations including those in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, striatum, and motor neurons of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nuclei from early development into maturity, and its spatial distribution is not altered in the CFEOM1 tissues available for study. Multiple splice isoforms of KIF21A are identified in human fetal brain, but none of the reported CFEOM1 mutations are located in or near the alternatively spliced exons. KIF21A immunoreactivity is also observed in extraocular and skeletal muscle biopsies of control and CFEOM1 patients, where it co-localizes with triadin, a marker of the excitation-contractile coupling system. The diffuse and widespread expression of KIF21A in the developing human and mouse central and peripheral nervous system as well as in extraocular muscle does not account for the restricted ocular phenotype observed in CFEOM1, nor does it permit the formal exclusion of a myogenic etiology based on expression patterns alone. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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