Journal
FUTURE ONCOLOGY
Volume 5, Issue 9, Pages 1389-1402Publisher
FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/FON.09.116
Keywords
nonseminoma; perinatal etiology; seminoma; testicular germ-cell tumor
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Funding
- Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA CP010126-15] Funding Source: Medline
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Globally, testicular cancer incidence is highest among men of northern European ancestry and lowest among men of Asian and African descent. Incidence rates have been increasing around the world for at least 50 years, but mortality rates, at least in developed countries, have been declining. While reasons for the decreases in mortality are related to improvements in therapeutic regimens introduced in the late 1970s, reasons for the increase in incidence are less well understood. However, an accumulating body of evidence suggests that testicular cancer arises in fetal life, Perinatal factors, including exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, have been suggested to be related to risk.
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