Journal
FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 223-240Publisher
FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/17460913.4.2.223
Keywords
genetic variability; Helicobacter pylori; pathogenicity; virulence factors
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Funding
- Foundation for the Support of Research in the State of Sao Paulo (FAPESP)
- Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)
- National Coordinating Committee for the Training of University Personnel (CAPES)
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Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucus overlying the epithelium of the stomach in more than 50% of the world's population, This gastric colonization induces chronic gastric inflammation in all infected individuals, but only induces clinical diseases in 10-20% of infected individuals. These include peptic ulcers, acute and atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric B-cell lymphoma. Various bacterial virulence factors are associated with the development of such gastric diseases, and the characterization of these markers could aid medical prognosis, which could be extremely important in predicting clinical outcomes. The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of the phenotypes, virulence-related genes and genotypes of H. pylori in the establishment of gastric colonization and the development of associated diseases.
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