Journal
FUNGAL ECOLOGY
Volume 5, Issue 2, Pages 252-260Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2011.11.002
Keywords
Community ecology; Distance-based redundancy analysis; Lophodermium; Mutualism; Pinus monticola
Funding
- MPG Operations, LLC.
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Asymptomatic fungal endophytes colonize tissues of woody plants worldwide, with largely unknown ecological effects. Using culture-based methods and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequence analysis, we investigated differences between foliar endophyte communities in disease-resistant hybrid and wild-type Pinus monticola (Western white pine) trees with observed variation in tree growth, vigor, and browsing damage by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). We isolated 69 phylotypes of endophytic fungi in at least 39 genera, including 26 that have not previously been reported in P. monticola. Principal components analysis revealed that endophyte communities differed between browsed seedlings, unbrowsed seedlings, and unbrowsed adult trees. Sulfur, nitrate and calcium concentrations correlated with endophyte community differences among tree groups based on a distance-based redundancy analysis. Our results indicate that foliar nutrient variation influences endophyte community assembly and deer herbivory in P. monticola on a small landscape scale (80 hectares). (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd and The British Mycological Society. All rights reserved.
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