Journal
FUNGAL BIOLOGY
Volume 118, Issue 9-10, Pages 814-834Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2014.07.001
Keywords
Co-evolution of plants and fungi; Fungal phylogeny; Pleurotus eryngii subsp tuoliensis comb. nov.; Pleurotus ferulaginis sp nov.; Pleurotus nebrodensis subsp fossulatus comb. nov.
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Funding
- European Union (European Social Fund - ESF)
- Greek National Funds through the Operational Program 'Education and Lifelong Learning' of the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF) [THALIS - UOA - MIS 377062]
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The Pleurotus eryngii species-complex comprises choice edible mushrooms growing on roots and lower stem residues of Apiaceae (umbellifers) plants. Material deriving from extensive sampling was studied by mating compatibility, morphological and ecological criteria, and through analysis of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and IGS1 rRNA sequences. Results revealed that P. eryngii sensu strict forms a diverse and widely distributed aggregate composed of varieties elaeoselini, eryngii, ferulae, thapsiae, and tingitanus. Pleurotus eryngii subsp. tuoliensis comb. nov. is a phylogenetically sister group to the former growing only on various Ferula species in Asia. The existence of Pleurotus nebrodensis outside of Sicily (i.e., in Greece) is reported for the first time on the basis of molecular data, while P. nebrodensis subsp. fossulatus comb. nov. is a related Asiatic taxon associated with the same plant (Prangos ferulacea). Last, Pleurotus ferulaginis sp. nov. grows on Ferulago campestris in northeast Italy, Slovenia and Hungary; it occupies a distinct phylogenetic position accompanied with significant differences in spore size and mating incompatibility versus other Pleurotus populations. Coevolution with umbellifers and host/substrate specificity seem to play key roles in speciation processes within this fungal group. An identification key to the nine Pleurotus taxa growing in association with Apiaceae plants is provided. (C) 2014 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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