Journal
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
Volume 90, Issue 9, Pages 1122-1128Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.05.004
Keywords
Biodiesel; Diesel fuel; Exhaust emissions; Fatty acid methyl esters; Physical properties; Soybean oil methyl esters
Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
- Cummins, Inc.
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Important fuel properties and emission characteristics of blends (20 vol.%) of soybean oil methyl esters (SME) and partially hydrogenated SME (PHSME) in ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (ULSD) were determined and compared with neat ULSD. The following changes were observed for B20 blends of SME and PHSME versus neat ULSD: improved lubricity, higher kinematic viscosity and cetane number, lower sulfur content, and inferior low-temperature properties and oxidative stability. With respect to exhaust emissions, B20 blends of PHSME and SME exhibited lower PM and CO emissions in comparison to those of neat ULSD. The PHSME blend also showed a significant reduction in THC emissions. Both SME and PHSME B20 blends yielded small increases in NOx emissions. The reduction in double bond content of PHSME did not result in a statistically significant difference in NOx emissions versus SME at the B20 blend level. The test engine consumed a greater amount of fuel operating on the SME and PHSME blends than on neat ULSD, but the increase was smaller for the PHSME blend. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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