Conventional and in situ transesterification of castor seed oil for biodiesel production

In the present study, biodiesel production from Ricinus communis L. red and BRS-149 nordestina varieties seed oil is reported. Reactions were made through conventional and in situ processes using ethanol and evaluating the addition of n-hexane as co-solvent. The content of ethyl esters was quantified by H-1 NMR. The highest conversions were obtained from crude oil (conventional reaction) after pre-esterification, using ethanol and a molar ratio of alcohol to oil of 60; furthermore, the addition of n-hexane was not significant on yield. Under these conditions, best conversion was around 95% for both varieties. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.