Journal
FUEL
Volume 89, Issue 2, Pages 275-279Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2009.05.030
Keywords
Methyl ester; Tilapia; Oreochromis niloticus; Esterification; Methanolysis
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Funding
- CNPq
- CAPES
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This paper evaluates the production of methyl esters from Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) oil and methanol. The reaction was carried out applying low-frequency high-intensity ultrasound (40 kHz) under atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to evaluate the influence of alcohol to oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration (sulfuric acid) and temperature on the yield of O. niloticus oil into methyl esters. Analysis of the operating conditions by RSM showed that the most important operating condition affecting the reaction was the alcohol to FFA molar ratio. The highest yield observed was of 98.2% after 90 min of reaction. The optimal operating condition was obtained applying an alcohol to oil molar ratio of 9.0 and a catalyst concentration of 2.0% w/w and temperature of 30 degrees C. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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